Chapter 14

Question 0

How old is the oldest fossil ever found?

Answer 0

3.6 billion years old

Question 1

When did earth form?

Answer 1

About 4.6 billion years ago

Question 2

Types of fossils

Answer 2

Trace, casts, molds, petrified and amber fossils

Question 3

Paleontologist

Answer 3

Scientist who studies fossils

Question 4

Types of rocks

Answer 4

Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Igneous

Question 5

What type of rocks are fossils usually found in?

Answer 5

Sedimentary

Question 6

Relative Dating

Answer 6

Fossils on the bottom are older than the fossils on top

-CANNOT tell you the exact age of a fossil

Question 7

Radiometric Dating

Answer 7

Used to find the absolute ages of fossils

Question 8

Half life

Answer 8

He time required for half the parent isotope to decay

C-14’s half life: 5730 years

Question 9

Radiocarbon dating

Answer 9

Used to date fossils up to 50,000-75,000 years old

Question 10

4 main geological sections

Answer 10

Precambrian
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic

Question 11

90% of species that have ever lived are

Answer 11

Extinct

Question 12

Mass extinction

Answer 12

When the rate of extinction increases dramatically

Question 13

Precambrian Era

Answer 13

Oldest fossil: 3.6 billion years old
Fossils resemble Cyanobacteria (prokaryotes)
Photosynthesis begins
     OXYGEN BEING PUT INTO ATMOS
Eukaryotes: 2.1 billion
Multicellular 543 million

Question 14

Paleozoic Era

Answer 14

Large amounts of ocean life
Fish (vertebrae) evolve
Fern and seed plants evolve
Amphibian and reptiles
MASS EXTINCTION 
Marine species and land disappear

Question 15

Mesozoic Era

Answer 15

Cone bearing trees appear 
Small mammals appear
JURASSIC PERIOD
     Dinosaurs
Flowering plants 
Modern birds and reptiles

Question 16

Mass extinction

Answer 16

• Iridium in sedimentary rocks suggest meteorite hit about 65 million yrs ago
• the chicxulub crater off the coats of Mexico is evidence of a meteorite that dates to the same time

Question 17

Pangea

Answer 17

About 250 million yrs ago

Question 18

Pangea effects:

Answer 18

-Reduction in shallow water habitat
-colder and drier inland climate
-change climate as continents move towards and away from the poles
-changes ocean circulation patterns=global cooling
Plates move about 6 cm per year

Question 19

Cenozoic Era

Answer 19

Flowering plants
Mammals become dominant
Primates
Modern humans (200,000 yeas ago)