Chapter 14 Flashcards
What is human development?
Age-related physical, intellectual, and social changes that occur throughout the lifespan.
Prenatal Stages of Development
Germinal Period: Conception to implantation
Embryonic Period: Implantation to 9 weeks postconception, sexual differentiation occurs
Fetal Period: 9 weeks postconception to birth
Stages of the Womb
- Zygote
- Embryo
- Fetus
Baby Reflexes
Grasping Reflex
Rooting Reflex
Sucking Reflex
By age 2, what percentage has the human brain grown?
About 75%
How can brain circuits mature?
Through the process of myelination
At birth, what has the brain sufficiently developed, and what does it lack?
The brain has developed basic reflexes but lacks cognitive and motor development.
What is the general milestone rule for toddlers?
Walking by 1
Talking by 2
How does the nervous system mature?
In a “down and out” fashion
Head: down
Center: out
When does brain development begin to slow?
During child development
What is a menarche?
The first menstrual cycle that occurs for girls
When does the brain reach its adult weight?
Age 16
When does the prefrontal cortex develop?
Age 25
When do we become an adult?
It is dependent on culture and how the world defines it. In the US, 25 is often the argued answer
When does the body hit its peak strength?
20s
What is dementia?
A decline in cognitive abilities including memory and reasoning, which can be related to vascular health issues.
What is Alzheimer’s Disease?
A serious brain degeneration disease resulting in significant dementia process–slowly takes away cognitive abilities and memories
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
Sensorimotor: Birth-2 years old
Preoperational: 2 years-7 years
Concrete operational: 7 years-11 years
Formal operational: 12+ years
Principle of Conservation
Object Permanence
Egocentrism
What happens in the Sensorimotor stage?
Theory of mind
What happens in the Preoperational stage?
