˗ˏˋ chapter 14 ˎˊ˗ Flashcards
A way of considering individual behavior in the context of the social environment, including influences at the interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy levels.
the ecological model of health behavior
A psychological model attempting to explain & predict health behaviors.
health belief model
People’s sense that they’re in control of their lives/choices/health.
self-efficacy
Emotional & practical help provided by family & friends; helpful in coping with stress.
social support
A concept including income, education, and occupational status - which are strong determinants of health.
socioeconomic status (SES)
A psychological & emotional state of tension; “a state that occurs when persons perceive that demands exceed their ability to cope.”
stress
an integrative, biopsychosocial model to conceptualize the process of intentional behavior change
transtheoretical model
which of the following is the most important predictor of health?
CHOICES:
* age
* race
* martial status
* SES
(pick one)
SES (socioeconomic status)
What study of British civil servants compared mortality rates across four employment grades over 10 years?
Whitehall study
Which of the following is the classic frame of reference for understanding health behavior & especially behavior change?
CHOICES:
* health belief model
* transtheoretical model
* ecological model
* socioeconomic model
(pick one)
health belief model
TRUE OR FALSE ✩࿐࿔
Statistics show that most ethnic minorities in the US have significantly higher mortality rates from most diseases than whites.
true ✩࿐࿔
TRUE OR FALSE ✩࿐࿔
Stress can be due to adverse social and/or physical conditions.
TRUE ✩࿐࿔
TRUE OR FALSE ✩࿐࿔
An 80-year-old man whose wife has just died has a much higher risk of death than just before her death.
TRUE ✩࿐࿔
TRUE OR FALSE ✩࿐࿔
If twin brothers are exposed to the same number of cold virus particles, the less stressed brother is less likely to become sick.
TRUE ✩࿐࿔
TRUE OR FALSE ✩࿐࿔
The broader the social network of an individual, the lower the risk of death or disease.
TRUE ✩࿐࿔
TRUE OR FALSE ✩࿐࿔
The health belief model & the transtheoretical model are contradictory in the ways of looking at the same psychological factors.
FALSE ✩࿐࿔
TRUE OR FALSE ✩࿐࿔
Health promotion & disease prevention programs must be repeated for every generation & every new at-risk group.
TRUE ✩࿐࿔
A whole new field of research called (blank) has arisen to study the impact of stress on health.
A whole new field of research called psychoneuroimmunology has arisen to study the impact of stress on health.
(blank) is often added as a fifth factor in the health belief model.
self-efficacy is often added as a fifth factor in the health belief model.
community factors affect individual behavior both (blank) and indirectly.
community factors affect individual behavior both directly and indirectly.
Match the stages of the transtheoretical model with the appropriate behavior.
BEHAVIORS:
* People have no intention of changing their behavior.
* Individuals actually modify their behavior.
* Person is more aware of the benefits of change but not ready to take action.
* Person has decided to make the change & planned a course of action.
- People have no intention of changing their behavior: precontemplation stage.
- Individuals actually modify their behavior: action stage.
- Person is more aware of the benefits of change but not ready to take action: contemplation stage.
- Person has decided to make the change & planned a course of action: preparation stage.
Match the levels of the ecological model with the appropriate description.
DESCRIPTIONS:
* encompasses regulations & limitations on behavior
* families, friends, and co-workers have very important effects on health-related behavior.
* encompasses the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of the individual.
* schools & workplaces can have a profound effect on health & health-related behavior.
- encompasses regulations & limitations on behavior: public policy.
- families, friends, and co-workers have very important effects on health-related behavior: interpersonal relations.
- encompasses the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of the individual: intrapersonal factors.
- schools & workplaces can have a profound effect on health & health-related behavior: institutional settings.
