chapter 14

Question 1

Oral Communication

Answer 1

1.Oral communication requires more explicit organization.

2.Oral communication benefits from greater redundancy within the message.

3.Oral communication should rely on less complex sentence structures.

Question 2

3 kinds of outlines

Answer 2

working, formal, and key word

Question 3

The working outline

Answer 3

A sketch of main ideas and their relationships; used by and intended only for the speaker

Question 4

The formal outline

Answer 4

A complete outline of a speech, including the parts of a speech, main points, supporting material, transitions, and citations for sources. See pg.272 for layout of a formal ouline

Question 5

The key word outline

Answer 5

An abbreviated speaking outline that includes only key words for each point in a speech. The key words trigger the speaker’s memory of the full point.

Question 6

The 7 Organizational patterns

Answer 6

The Temporal Pattern, The Spatial Pattern, The Topical Pattern, The Star Pattern, The Comparative Pattern, The Problem-Solution Pattern, The Cause-Effect and Effect-Cause Pattern

Question 7

Designing an Introduction

Answer 7

Capture listeners attention, Present a clear thesis statement, Build credibility, Preview the Body,

Question 8

Transitions

Answer 8

Words and sentences that connect ideas and main points in a speech so that listeners can follow a speaker

Question 9

Communication apprehension

Answer 9

Anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication encounters. Communication apprehension is common and can be constructive.

Question 10

Positive visualization

Answer 10

A technique of reducing speaking anxiety; a person visualizes herself or himself communicating effectively in progressively challenging speaking situations

Question 11

Impromptu speaking

Answer 11

Public speaking that involves little preparation. Speakers think on their feet as they talk about ideas and positions with which they are familiar

Question 12

Oral Style

Answer 12

refers to speakers’ visual, vocal, and verbal communication with listeners.

Question 13

Extemporaneous speaking

Answer 13

A presentational style that includes preparation and practice but not memorization of words and nonverbal behaviors

Question 14

Manuscript speaking

Answer 14

involves speaking from the complete manuscript of a speech

Question 15

Memorized speaking

Answer 15

A presentational style in which a speech is memorized word for word in advance

Question 16

Styles of delivery

Answer 16

Extemporaneous, Manuscript, Memorized, and Impromptu