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CLASS 10 CHEMISTRY > CHAPTER 14 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 14 Flashcards

Environmental Chemistry Atmosphere

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1
Q

Which two gases make up most of the Earths atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen and Oxygen

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2
Q

Which gas has the highest percentage in the air?

A

Nitrogen 78 percent

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3
Q

The envelope of gases and water vapour surrounding the Earth is called

A

Atmosphere

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4
Q

Which gas has the lowest percentage in the air?

A

hydrogen at 0.00005 percent

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5
Q

What are the 4 layers of the atmosphere in order?

A
  1. Troposphere
  2. Stratosphere
  3. Mesosphere
  4. Thermosphere
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6
Q

The word tropo means

A

changing or turning

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7
Q

the word strato means

A

layer or spread out

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8
Q

the word meso means

A

middle

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9
Q

the word thermo means

A

heat

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10
Q

what is the altitude and temperature of the troposphere?

A

0 to 12 km
17C to -55C

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11
Q

what is the altitude and temperature of the stratosphere?

A

12 to 50
-55C to -5C

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12
Q

what is the altitude and temperature of the mesosphere?

A

50 to 80 km
-5C to -93C

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13
Q

what is the altitude and temperature of the thermosphere?

A

above 80km
-93C to 1800C

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14
Q

which layer of the atmosphere contains maximum of the ozone layer?

A

the stratosphere

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15
Q

in which layer of the atmosphere do auroras occur?

A

the thermosphere, more specifically the ionosphere.

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16
Q

which layer of the earths atmosphere protects us from being hit by meteorites?

A

the mesosphere

17
Q

in which layer do most weather conditions occur?

A

the troposphere

18
Q

which layer of the atmosphere is characterized by extremely high temperature and why?

A

the thermosphere has the highest temperature, up to 1800C. This is because sunlight strikes the thermosphere first.

19
Q

most of the air pollution is caused by?

A

burning fossil fuels, such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas.

20
Q

what are three natural processes that cause air pollution.

A
  1. dust storms
  2. forest fires
  3. volcano eruptions
21
Q

define global warming

A

the warming of the atmosphere which is due to our influence on the greenhouse effect is known as global warming.

22
Q

List some effects of acid rain.

A

When acid rain falls, it can damage ecosystems, harm aquatic life, corrode building and statues, and contribute to air and water pollution.

23
Q

what is the allotropic form of oxygen?

A

ozone comprising of 3 oxygen atoms.

24
Q

what is meant by “ozone hole”?

A

the region in which the amount of ozone has been reduced.

CLASS 10 CHEMISTRY (2 decks)

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