Chapter 14 Flashcards
Chemical kinetics
study of the factors that
affect the rates of chemical reactions
reaction rate
speed of a chemical reaction
rate of a reaction
measure of how fast the
the reaction makes products or uses reactants; ability to control speed is important
Rate
how much a quantity changes in a given
period of time.
Average Rate
change in measured
concentrations in any particular time period; The larger the time interval, the more the average
rate deviates from the instantaneous rate.
Instantaneous Rate
change in
concentration at any one particular time
Polarimetry
change in the
degree of rotation of light
Spectrophotometry
measures the amount
of light of a particular wavelength absorbed
Aliquots
samples from the reaction mixture
Gas chromatography
measure the concentrations
of various components in a mixture
Rate law
equation relating
concentration of reactants to rate
half-life, t1/2
time
required for the concentration of the reactant
to fall to half its initial value
activation energy
amount of energy
needed to convert reactants into the activated
complex.
activated complex
chemical species with
partially broken and partially formed bonds.
collision theory
reaction to take place,
the reacting molecules must collide
