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Physical Science Chp. 14 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is temperature?

A

The measure of average KE of the particles in an object.

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2
Q

What is the freezing point of water?

A

0C/32F

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3
Q

Boiling point of water?

A

100C/212F

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4
Q

What is Kinetic Theory of Matter?

A

States that particles (atoms/molecules) are always moving

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5
Q

What is a solid?

A

Vibrates, least amount of KE, most attraction between particles, Fixed position, Definite shape and volume.

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6
Q

What is a Liquid?

A

Sliding, more KE than solids less than gases, Less particle attraction, Definite volume not shape.

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7
Q

What is a gas

A

Most KE, particles moving quickly, least particle attraction, No definite shape or volume.

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8
Q

3 ways of energy transfer

A

Conduction, convection, radiation.

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9
Q

What is conduction?

A

The transfer of thermal energy through direct contact.

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9
Q

What is convection?

A

Transfer of heat through liquids and gases

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10
Q

Convection currents

A

Hot air rises because it is less dense, cold air sinks because it’s more dense

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11
Q

What is radiation?

A

Transfer of heat thru empty space; electromagnetic waves.

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12
Q

What is specific heat?

A

How much energy is needed

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12
Q

What is specific heat?

A

How much energy is needed to change the temperature by 1C or 1K

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13
Q

What is a conductor

A

Not much energy is needed to change because it allows energy to flow very easily in/out the object. Ex. Metals

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14
Q

What is an insulator?

A

Required more energy than conductors to raise the temperature because they don’t allow the flow of energy through an object.

15
Q

How does a gas become a solid?

A

Thru deposition(no liquid state). Ex snow

16
Q

How does a solid become a gas.?

A

Thru sublimation ex. Dry ice

17
Q

What does ⬆️ mean

A

Requires energy, endothermic, adding heat

18
Q

What does ⬇️ mean

A

Releasing energy, ecothermic

19
Q

1st law of thermodynamics

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred as a result of work/heat or both

20
Q

2nd law of thermodynamics

A

Thermal energy travels from an area of high temperature to and are of low temperature.

21
Q

Entropy

A

The measure of randomness/disorder in a system.

22
Q

What happen when entropy increases

A

Useful energy decreases and vice versa.

23
Q

When does useful energy decrease?

A

In all energy transfers

Physical Science Chp. 14 (1 decks)

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