Chapter 14

Question 1

The kidneys and ureters are located in the ____ space.

Answer 1

Retroperitoneal

Question 2

The ___ glands are located directly superior to the kidneys.

Answer 2

Suprarenal (adrenal)

Question 3

Which structures create a 20 degree angle angle between the upper pole and lower pole of the kidney?

Answer 3

Psoas major muscles

Question 4

What is the specific name for the mass of fat that surrounds each kidney?

Answer 4

Perirenal fat/ adipose capsule

Question 5

What degree of rotation from supine is required to place the kidneys parallel to the IR?

Answer 5

30 degrees

Question 6

which two landmarks can be palpated to locate the kidneys?

Answer 6

xiphoid and iliac crest

Question 7

What term describes the abnormal drop of the kidneys when the patient is placed erect?

Answer 7

nephroptosis

Question 8

List the 3 functions of the urinary system

Answer 8

remove nitrogenous waste, regulate water levels, regulate acid base balance

Question 9

a build up of nitrogenous waste in the blood is called

Answer 9

uremia

Question 10

the longitudinal fissure found along the central medial border of the kidney is called the

Answer 10

hilum

Question 11

the peripheral or outer portion of the kidney is called the

Answer 11

cortex

Question 12

term that describes the total functioning portion of the kidney is

Answer 12

renal parenchyma

Question 13

the microscopic functional and structural unit of the kidney is the

Answer 13

nephron

Question 14

true/false: the efferent arterioles carry blood to the glomeruli

Answer 14

false, the afferent does

Question 15

what is another name for the glomerular capsule

Answer 15

bowman capsule

Question 16

true/fasle: the glomerular capsule and proximal and distal convoluted tubules are located in the medulla of the kidney

Answer 16

false, located in the cortex

Question 17

which structure of the medulla is made up of a collection of tubules that drain into the minor calyx?

Answer 17

renal pyramids

Question 18

which 2 processes move urine through the ureters to the bladder?

Answer 18

peristalsis and gravity

Question 19

which structure is located most anterior as compared with the others?

Answer 19

urinary bladder