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EMT > Chapter 13 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Vocab Flashcards

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NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

Acidosis

A

Build up of excess acid in the blood or body tissues that result from a primary illness

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2
Q

Adventitious breath sounds

A

Abnormal breath sounds such as wheezes, rhonchi, and rales

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3
Q

Alkalosis

A

The buildup or excess base (lack of acids) in the body fluids

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4
Q

Allergen

A

Substance that causes an allergic reaction

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5
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

An extreme, life threatening systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure.

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6
Q

Asthma

A

An acute spasm of the smaller air passages, called bronchioles, associated with excessive mucus production and with swelling of the mucous lining of the respiratory passages

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7
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapse of the alveolar air spaces of the lungs

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8
Q

Bronchial breath sounds

A

Normal breath sounds made by air moving through the bronchi

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9
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occur in children under 2 and is often caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

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10
Q

Bronchitis

A

Acute or chronic inflammation of the lung that may damage tissue; usually associated with cough and production of sputum and sometimes fever

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11
Q

Carbon dioxide retention

A

A condition characterized by a chronically high blood level of carbon dioxide in which the respiratory center no longer response to high blood levels of carbon dioxide

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12
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

And odorless, highly poisonous gas that results from incomplete Oxidation of carbon in combustion

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13
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

Irritation of the major long passage ways from infectious disease or irritants such as smoke

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14
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

A slow process of dilation and disruptionOf the airways and alveoli caused by chronic bronchial obstruction

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15
Q

Croup

A

And inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory system that may cause a partial airway obstruction and is characterized by a barking cough usually seen in children

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16
Q

Diphtheria

A

And infectious disease in which a membrane forms, living the pharynx; this living can severely obstruct the passage of air into the larynx

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17
Q

Dyspnea

A

Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

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18
Q

Embolus

A

A blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel where it causes a blockage

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19
Q

Emphysema

A

A disease of the lungs in which there is extreme dilation and eventual distraction of the pulmonary AVeoli with poor exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. It is one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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20
Q

Epidemic

A

Occurs when a new case of a disease occurs in a human population and substantially exceed what is expected based on recent experience

21
Q

Epiglottitis

A

A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and Enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction

22
Q

Hay fever

A

An allergic response usually to outdoor airborne allergens such as pollen or sometimes indoor allergen such as dust dust mites or pet dander. Also called allergic rhinitis

23
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Rapid or deep breathing that lowers the blood carbon dioxide level below normal

24
Q

Hyperventilation syndrome (panic attack)

A

This syndrome occurs in the absence of other physical problems. The respirations of a person who is experiencing hyperventilation syndrome may be as high as 40 shallow breaths per minute or as low as only 20 very deep breaths per minute

25
Q

Hypoxia

A

A condition in which the body cells and tissues do not have enough oxygen

26
Q

Hypoxic drive

A

Backup system to control respirations when oxygen levels fall

27
Q

Meningococcal meningitis

A

Inflammation of the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord; can be highly contagious

28
Q

Metered dose inhaler

A

A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs

29
Q

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

A

A bacterium that can cause infections in different parts of the body. It is transmitted by different routes, including the respiratory route and is particularly dangerous because of its resistance to methicillin

30
Q

Oxygenation

A

The process of delivering oxygen to the blood

31
Q

Pandemic

A

An outbreak of that occurs on a global scale

32
Q

Pertussis (whooping cough)

A

And airborne bacterial infection that affects mostly children younger than six years. Patients will be feverish and exhibit a whoop sound on inspiration after a coughing attack. Highly contagious through droplet infection.

33
Q

Pleural effusion

A

A collection of fluid between the lung and chest wall that may compress the lung

34
Q

Pleuritic chest pain

A

Sharp, stabbing pain in the chest that is worsened by deep breath or other chest wall movement. Often caused by inflammation or irritation of the pleura

35
Q

Pneumonitis

A

Inflammation of the lung

36
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space

37
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

A buildup of fluid in the lungs usually as a result of CHF

38
Q

Pulmonary embolism

A

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lungs causing obstruction of blood flow

39
Q

Rates

A

Cracking, rattling breast down signaling fluid in the air spaces of the lungs

40
Q

Respiration

A

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

41
Q

RSV

A

Respiratory syncyti virus. Virus that causes an infection of the lungs and breathing passages. Can lead to other serious illnesses that affect the lungs or heart, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. RSV is highly contagious and spreads through droplets

42
Q

Rhonchi

A

Coarse breath sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in the airway

43
Q

Severe acute respiratory syndrome

A

SARS. Potentially life-threatening viral infection that usually starts with flu like symptoms

44
Q

Small volume nebulizer

A

A respiratory device that holds liquid medicine that’s turned into a fine mist. The patient inhales the medication into the airways and lungs as a treatment for conditions like asthma.

45
Q

Stridor

A

A harsh, high-pitched, barking inspiratory often heardin acute laryngeal obstruction

46
Q

Tuberculosis

A

A disease that can lay dormant in a persons lungs for decades then reactivate. Many strains are resistant to many antibiotics. TB is spread by cough.

47
Q

Vesicular breath sounds

A

Normal breast sounds mean but you’re moving in and out of the aveoli

48
Q

Wheezing

A

A high-pitched, whistling breath sounds, characteristically heard on expiration in patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 325 Metcalf st sw

EMT (2 decks)

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