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Thatcher 1979-90 > Chapter 13-The Thatcher Governments > Flashcards

Chapter 13-The Thatcher Governments Flashcards

1
Q

what did thatcher describe herself as

A

a conviction politician

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2
Q

what was thatchers background

A

middle class - daughter of a grocer

chemistry at Oxford

lawyer

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3
Q

what did Thatcher say at the peak of discontent of her policies at the 1981 party conference

A

‘You turn if you want to- the lady’s not for turning’

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4
Q

what school of economics did thatcher believe in

A

Chicago school of economics

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5
Q

what was the new right

A

a collective name for academic and theoretical organisations that rejected Keynesian orthodoxy

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6
Q

what ideology was thatcher influenced by

A

The new right

conservative intellectuals

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7
Q

what did the new right favour over Keynesian policies

A

free market economy

monetarism

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8
Q

what did Norman Tebbit claim was responsible for ‘today’s violent society’

A

‘attitudes of post war funk which gave birth to the permissive society’

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9
Q

what did thatcherites strongly believe in regard to the law

A

the strength of the police

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10
Q

what were ‘wets’

A

those who were soft regarding the social outcomes of monetarist policies

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11
Q

what were ‘dries’

A

those who supported the policies of monetarism

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12
Q

what were examples of ‘wets’ in the cabinet

A

willie whitelaw- Home Secretary

Jim Prior- employment minister

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13
Q

what were examples of ‘dries’ in the cabinet

A

Geoffrey howe- chancellor of the exchequer

Keith Joseph- department of industry

Nigel lawman given key economic post

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14
Q

what did Howe become famous for

A

his resignation which condemned thatcher and played a part in her fall from power

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15
Q

what posts did Geoffrey howe hold

A

chancellor of the exchequer- 1979-83

foreign minister 83-89

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16
Q

what was Nigel lawson responsible for

A

the lawson boom in 1989

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17
Q

when was lawson chancellor of the exchequer and why did he resign

A

1983-89

furious at thatchers use of Alan Walters for economy

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18
Q

why did Michael hessletine resign in 1986

A

the Westland affair

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19
Q

when was the SDP formed

A

1981

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20
Q

who were the gang of four who started the SDP

A

David Owen

roy Jenkins

shirley williams

bill rogers

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21
Q

how many labour MP’s left for the SDP

A

28

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22
Q

what convinced moderates such as Shirley Williams to start the SDP

A

the Wembley conference which was dominated by the labour left and had far left hecklers

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23
Q

what seat did Williams sensationally win in November 1981

A

Crosby- previously tory

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24
Q

what seat did Jenkins win in march 1982

A

Glasgow hillhead

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25
Q

who beat labour in the Bermondsey by election

A

the liberals

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26
Q

what Wass the alliance

A

the merging of the two centrist parties the liberals and the SDP

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27
Q

what was the issue with the alliance

A

tensions between the two parties- particularly David Steel and David Owen

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28
Q

what caused there Labour Party to be so divided

A

Foot elected leader over obvious candidate Dennis Healey

Healey beat Tony Benn to deputy in Blackpool in 81

left leader and centre-right deputy

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29
Q

who did Labour voters begin to vote for

A

some became ‘;thatcher conservatives’

liberal or SDP

some didn’t vote at all

30
Q

who replaced Michael foot as leader of the opposition in 1983

A

neil kinnock

31
Q

who did Kinnock expell from the party in 1986

A

militant tendency

32
Q

who were militant tendency

A

far left group named after the magazine militant that preached Trotskyite revolutionary socialism

33
Q

who else did kinnock take on within the party

A

Bennites

Union leaders

34
Q

why was the labour manifesto for the 1983 election so unpopular

A

was extremely left wing

35
Q

what things did the labour manifesto in 1983 include

A

unilateral disarmament

withdraw from EEC

bamn on fox hunting

36
Q

what did the Labour MP Gerald Kaufman describe the 1983 manifesto as

A

‘the longest suicide note in history’

37
Q

how many more anti- conservative votes were there than pro-conservative votes

A

3 million

13-16

38
Q

how did the tories still win a 144 seat majority even with 3 million less votes

A

first pasty the post system

39
Q

how many less votes did the alliance have compared to labour

A

500,000

40
Q

how many more seats did labour have than the alliance

A

186

209-23

41
Q

how many seats did the tories win

A

397

42
Q

why was the alliance less successful in the 1987 election

A

not enough to unify the party other than a dislike of thatcher

the two davids had different personal views

labour became more centrist and favourable

43
Q

what percentage of the votes did the alliance get in 1987 and how did this compare to 1983

A

24%

down from 40%

44
Q

what did the conservatives promise if they won the 87 election

A

stronger defence

more economic growth

lower taxes

45
Q

how many seats are won by the main three parties in the 1987 election

A

tories- 375

labour- 229

alliance- 22 down 1

46
Q

what percentage of the votes did the main three parties get in the 1987 election

A

tories- 42.2%

labour- 30.8%

alliance- 22.6%

47
Q

what side did thatcher sympathise with during the troubles

A

unionists

48
Q

why was there a hunger strike in 1980 among IRA prisoners in H-block of the Male prison

A

they wanted to be seen as political not ordinary prisoners

49
Q

who led and died as a result of this hunger strike

A

Bobby Sands

50
Q

how many hunger strikers died before it was called off in October 1981

A

10

51
Q

what happened at the grand hotel in Brighton in 1984

A

bomb set off at tory party meeting

5 died

52
Q

what was signed at Hillsborough in November 1985

A

anglo-irish agreement

53
Q

what did the anglo-irish agreement include

A

set up permanent intergovernmental cooperation between UK and republic of Ireland

54
Q

what was the aims of the anglo-irish agreement

A

enhance security cooperation between Britain and republic of Ireland

strengthen moderate nationalists against Sinn Fein

55
Q

who supported the anglo-irish agreement

A

the alliance

the SDLP

56
Q

what was the response to the anglo-irsish agreement in Northern Ireland

A

outrage- 200,000 protested in Belfast

Ulster resistance paramilitary group set up in 1986 as a response

57
Q

what were examples of bombings due to the troubles under thatcher

A

July 1982- Hyde park bombings by IRA- 11 soldiers killed

December 1983- harrods bombing by IRA- 6 killed

October 1984- bombing of grand Brighton hotel

May 1987- 8 IRA members and a civilian killed by SAS

58
Q

how many pits did the NCB say they were going to close in 1981

A

23

59
Q

who was the head of the NCB in 1984

A

Ian Mcgregor

60
Q

how many more pits did the NCB plan to close by 1987

A

75

61
Q

what was the UDM

A

union of democratic mineworkers

split from NUM in 1984

formed in Nottinghamshire

62
Q

what did the UDM accuse scargill of

A

caring more about far left politics than the minors

63
Q

how many were involved at the battle of greave

A

5000 miners

8000 police

64
Q

how many did the coal industry employ in 1979 compared to 1990

A

1979- 200k

1990- 60k

65
Q

how did union membership fall from 1979-90

A

dropped by a third

66
Q

what was inflation by 1980

A

15%

67
Q

what was unemployment by 1980

A

2 million

68
Q

how did VAT on petrol change from 1979-88

A

increased almost every year

69
Q

how did GDP rise under deregulation and how did this compare to the USA and Japan

A

britain- 2.4%

Japan- 4.1%

USA- 2.8%

70
Q

by how much did unemployment rise from 1979-90

A

600k

71
Q

what did unemployment peak at under thatcher

A

11.9%

72
Q

by the end of 1990 what percentage of British oil came from North Sea oil

A

85%

Thatcher 1979-90 (4 decks)

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