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Chapter 10: Cardiovascular System > Chapter 13: THe Endocrine System > Flashcards

Chapter 13: THe Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

acromegaly

A

a chronic metabolic condition characterized by gradual noticeable enlargement and elongation of the bones of the face and jaw and extremities due to over secretion of the pituitary gland after puberty

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2
Q

adenohypophysis

A

the anterior pituitary gland

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3
Q

adenoma

A

a glandular tumor

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4
Q

adenopathy

A

any disease of a gland- enlargement

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5
Q

adrenalectomy

A

surgical removal of an adrenal gland

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6
Q

adrenocortical

A

pertaining to the cortex of the adrenal gland

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7
Q

aldosterone

A

a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium and potassium

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8
Q

androgen

A

any steroid hormone that increases male characteristics

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9
Q

antidiuretic

A

suppression of urine production

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10
Q

cortex

A

pertaining to the outer region of an organ or structure

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11
Q

cortisol

A

a steroid occurring naturally in the body; also called hydrocortisone

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12
Q

cretinism

A

a congenital condition caused by lack of thyroid secretion. characterized by dwarfism

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13
Q

diabetes, gestational

A

during pregnancy

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14
Q

diabetes, inisipidus

A

a metabolic disorder (extreme thirst, and urination; disorder of the pituitary due to a defeincy in the anridiurectic hormone

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15
Q

diabetes, mellitus

A

disorder of the pancreas in which it fails to produce an adequate amount of insulin to metabolize carbs, fats and proteins properly

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16
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

diabetic coma

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17
Q

endocrine gland

A

a ductless gland that produces a hormone which is secreted directly into the blood stream

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18
Q

epinephrine

A

a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla. fight or flight

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19
Q

euthyroid

A

pertaining to a normally functioning thyroid

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20
Q

exocrine gland

A

a sweat or oil gland

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21
Q

exopthalmia

A

an abnormal condition of outward protrusion of the eyeballs

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22
Q

gigantism

A

over secretion of the pituitary gland resulting in excessive size and height

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23
Q

glucagon

A

a hormone secreted by the islets of langerhans of the pancreas that stimulates the liver to convert glycogen into glucose

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24
Q

glucogenesis

A

the conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage int the liver for later use

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25
Q

glycosuria

A

the presence of sugar in urine

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26
Q

goiter

A

enlargement of thyroid due to excessive growth

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27
Q

gonads

A

sex glands (ovaries or testes)

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28
Q

grave’s disease

A

hypertension

29
Q

hirisutism

A

a condition in which there is excessive body hair in male distrubution

30
Q

hypercalcemia

A

elevated blood sugar level

31
Q

hyperglycemia

A

elevated blood sugar

32
Q

hypergonadism

A

excessive activity of the ovaries or testes

33
Q

hyperinsulinism

A

an excessive amount of insulin in the body

34
Q

hyperkalmia

A

elevated potassium level

35
Q

hypernatremia

A

elevated sodium level

36
Q

hyperparathyroidism

A

over secretion of parathyroid hormone

37
Q

hyperpituiturism

A

over activity of the anterior lobe of the pituitory

38
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

overactivity of the thyroid gland

39
Q

hypocalmia

A

less than normal calcium level

40
Q

hypoglycemia

A

less than normal blood sugar

41
Q

hypokalemia

A

less than normal potasium

42
Q

hyponatremia

A

less than normal sodium

43
Q

hypophysectomy

A

surgical removal of the pituitary

44
Q

hypothyroidism

A

under active thyroid gland

45
Q

insulin shock

A

a state of shock due to extremely low blood sugar caused by an overdose of insulin

46
Q

medulla

A

the internal part of a structure or organ

47
Q

metabolism

A

the sum of all physical and chemical processes within the body

48
Q

myxedema

A

the most severe form of hypothyroidism in an adult.

49
Q

norepinephrine

A

a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla.

50
Q

oxytocin

A

hormone that regulates contractions

51
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

52
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive over eating

53
Q

polyuria

A

excretion of excessive amounts of urine

54
Q

progesterone

A

female hormone

55
Q

somatotropic hormone

A

growth hormone

56
Q

T cells

A

lymphocyte involved in immune system

57
Q

tetany

A

severe cramping and twitching of the muscles - a complication of hypocalcemia

58
Q

thymopoitin

A

hormone secreted by thymus thought to stimulate t cells

59
Q

thymosin

A

hormone secreted by the thymus stimulates lymphocytes

60
Q

thyroidism

A

inflammation of the thyroid

61
Q

throxine

A

a hormone secreted by thyroid - helps maintain metabolism

62
Q

triidothyronine

A

helps control temperature and metabolism- from thyroid

63
Q

addison’s disease

A

failure of the adrenal cortex to secrete adequate mineralcorticoids and glucocorticords

64
Q

conn’s disease

A

excessive amounts of adolsterone which causes body to retain excess sodium and potassium

65
Q

cushing’s syndrome

A

an excess amount of cortisol

66
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

a vascular tumor of the adrenal medulla that produces extra epinephrine and norepinephrine

67
Q

virilism

A

male sex characteristics in female due to the excessive secretion of adrencortical androgens from the adrenal cortex

68
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

a disorder of the blood vessels of the retina of the eye

Chapter 10: Cardiovascular System (2 decks)

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