Chapter 13 Social Psychology

Question 1

Social Psychology is…

Answer 1

The study of causes and consequences of sociality

Question 2

Aggression

Answer 2

Behaviour whose purpose is to harm another

Question 3

Principle stating that animals aggress when their goals are frustrated

Answer 3

Frustration-aggression Hypothesis

Question 4

Cooperation

Answer 4

Behaviour by two or more individuals that leads to mutual benefit

Question 5

Collection of people who have something in common that distinguishes them from others

Answer 5

Group

Question 6

Prejudice

Answer 6

Positive or Negative evaluation of another person based on their group membership

Question 7

Group Polarization Effect

Answer 7

Tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than any member would have made alone

Question 8

Common Knowledge Effect

Answer 8

Tendency for group discussions to focus on information that all members share

Question 9

The tendency for groups to reach consensus in order to facilitate interpersonal harmony

Answer 9

Groupthink

Question 10

Phenomenon that occurs when immersion in a group causes people to become less aware of their individual needs

Answer 10

Deindividuation

Question 11

Three ways biology influences aggression (with men)

Answer 11

Testosterone, socialization and status/dominance

Question 12

In-group favouritism

Answer 12

If you are apart of a group you are likely to favourite that group over others

Question 13

Tendency for individuals to feel diminished responsibility for their actions when they are surrounded by others who are acting the same

Answer 13

Diffusion of Responsibility

Question 14

Tendency for people to expend less effort when in a group than when alone

Answer 14

Social Loafing

Question 15

Act of helping strangers in an emergency situation

Answer 15

Bystander Intervention

Question 16

Intentional behaviour that benefits another at a cost to oneself

Answer 16

Altruism

Question 17

Process by which evolution selects for individuals who cooperate with their relatives

Answer 17

Kin Selection

Question 18

Behaviour that benefits another with the expectation that those benefits will be returned in the future

Answer 18

Reciprocal Altrusim

Question 19

Attraction

Answer 19

Caused by situational, physical and psychological factors

Question 20

Liking things due to frequency of exposure

Answer 20

Mere Exposure Effect

Question 21

Proximity breeds…

Answer 21

Fondness, for example if you are working in the same office as someone every day you may grow to like them

Question 22

What are some factors/ predictors of good genes and parenting

Answer 22

Body shape, face symmetry, age

Question 23

Customary standard for behaviour that is widely shared by members of a culture

Answer 23

Norm

Question 24

Door in the face technique

Answer 24

Strategy that involves getting someone to deny an initial request to influence behaviour

Question 25

Tendency to do what others do simply because others are doing it

Answer 25

Conformity

Question 26

Did a study on conformity, that concluded that the behaviour of others tells us what is proper, appropriate, expected and accepted

Answer 26

Soloman Asch

Question 27

Tendency to do what people tell us to do

Answer 27

Obedience

Question 28

Stanley Milgram’s Obedience Study

Answer 28

When obeying, normal is being sensitive to social norms

Question 29

Foot in the Door Technique

Answer 29

Involves a small request followed by a larger request

Question 30

Unpleasant state that arises when a person recognizes the inconsistency of his or her actions, attitudes or beliefs

Answer 30

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 31

The medial pre-frontal cortext is activated when…

Answer 31

We think about other peoples attritubutes

Question 32

Attribution

Answer 32

Inference about the cause of a persons behaviour

Question 33

process of assigning the cause of behavior to some situation or event outside a person’s control rather than to some internal characteristic

Answer 33

Situational Attributions

Question 34

Assigns the cause of behavior to some internal characteristic of a person

Answer 34

Dispositional Attribution

Question 35

Theory in which a person tried to explain other’s or their behavior through many observations

Answer 35

Covariation Model

Question 36

Passionate Love

Answer 36

Feelings of euphoria, intimacy and sexual attraction

Question 37

Compassionate Love

Answer 37

Experience involving trust, and concern for partners well being

Question 38

Correspondence Bias

Answer 38

Tendency to make dispositional attribution even when persons behaviour was caused by a situation

Question 39

Actor Observer Bias

Answer 39

Tendency to make situational attributions about our behaviour while making dispositional attributions for others identical behaviour

Question 40

Processes where people come to understand eachother

Answer 40

Social Cognition