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BNF 72/74 > Chapter 13- Skin > Flashcards

Chapter 13- Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Why is urea used with other topical ingredients

A

To enhance penetration of the skin

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2
Q

Caution with paraffin based products - why?

A

Flammable!

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3
Q

A mild corticosteroid (0.5-1%) can be used in nappy rash for how long

A

No more than a week

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4
Q

Topical skin products should be applied in the direction of hair growth - why?

A

To reduce risk of folliculitis

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5
Q

What topical product is used for MRSA

A

Chlorhexidine scrub and mupirocin

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6
Q

What can be used for acute impetigo

A

Short term application of fusidic acid

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7
Q

Oral antibiotic good for skin infections and why?

A

Flucloxacillin

Good penetration into skin

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8
Q

Mupiricin and fusidic acid should not be used for longer than what and why

A

10 days risk of if resistance

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9
Q

What’s used in the treatment of infected burns

A

Silver sulfadiazine

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10
Q

To prevent relapse - local antifungal treatment is continued for how long after the disappearance of infection

A

1-2 weeks

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11
Q

Name three treatment options for scabies

A

Permethrin
Malathion
Benzyl benzoate (less effective)

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12
Q

How do you use dimeticone for headlice

A

8-12 hrs repeat after 7 days

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13
Q

Malathion used for headlice has problems with what?

A

Resistance

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14
Q

What’s the wet combing method of headlice removal

A 
Plastic detection comb 
Over 30 mins 
4 days intervals
For minimum of 2 weeks 
Continue until no lice found on 3 consecutive occasions
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15
Q

What’s used to treat crab lice

A

Permethrin

Malathion

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16
Q

Psoriasis can be provoked or exacerbated by what drugs

A 
Lithium 
Chloroquine 
Hydroxychloroquine 
Beta blockers 
NSAIDs 
ACEI
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17
Q

Emollients in addition to their effects on dryness, scaling and crackling have what additional effect in psoriasis

A

Anti-proliferative

18
Q

More specific topical treatment for chronic stable plaque psoriasis on extensor surfaces of trunk and limbs involved the use of vitamin D analogues - name three

A

Coal tar
Dithranol
Retinoid tazarotene

19
Q

First line treatment for scalp psoriasis

A

Tar based shampoo

20
Q

Second line treatment for scalp psoriasis

A

Keratolytic such as salicylic acid

21
Q

The keratolytic effect of salicylic acid does what to the absorption of topical corticosteroids

A

Facilitates it

22
Q

OTC advice with hydrocortisone cream

A

Can be sold for allergic contact dermatitis, irritant dermatitis, insect bite, mild to moderate eczema in patients over 10 to be applied sparingly for OD/BD for max 1 week (should not be sold to children under 10, pregnancy, or for application to:face, anogenital region, broken/infected skin)

23
Q

Canestan HC (clotrimazole + hydrocortisone) can be sold OTC when?

A

15g tube for athletes foot and fungal infection of skin folds with associated inflammation in patients 10years and over

24
Q

A 15g tube of hydrocortisone with miconazole is on sale OTC for what

A

Treatment of athletes foot and candida intertrigo

25
Q

What can be used for hyperhidrosis (perspiration)

A

Aluminium chloride hexahydrate
Oxybutinin
Botox

26
Q

List systemic diseases that can cause pruritus

A 
Obstructive jaundice 
Endocrine disease 
Chronic renal disease 
Iron deficiency 
Malignant diseases
27
Q

What can be used to relieve pruritus

A

Levomenthol cream
Crotamiton preps
Calamine (ineffective)
Doxepine 5% (used in eczema but drowsiness and sensitisation risk)

28
Q

Pruritus is common is biliary obstruction especially in primary biliary cirrhosis and drug induced cholestasis - what’s the drug of choice in this case?

A

Oral administration of colestyramine

29
Q

Treatment of choice in insect bites or stings

A

Short course topical corticosteroids +- sedating antihistamine

30
Q

Topical antihistamines should be avoided in eczema and are not recommended for longer than what

A

3days

31
Q

Name a hormone oral preparation used for acne that’s used in women only

A

Co-cyprindiol (cyproterone acetate with ethinylestradiol)

32
Q

Treatment for mild to moderate acne

A

Benzoyl peroxide or topical retinoid

33
Q

Oral antibacterial for acne

A

Oxytetracyclin
Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Lymecycline

34
Q

Minocycline is as effective as other tetracyclines for use in acne but is associated with what

A

Greater risk of lupus erythematosus like syndrome and can cause irriversible pigmentation

35
Q

Side effects of isotretinoin

A 
Dryness of skin 
Dryness of mucous membranes 
Nose bleeds 
Joint pain 
Teratogenic
36
Q

Side effects/ further information with isotretinoin

A

Risk of pancreatitis if triglycerides >9mmol/litre
Psychiatric side effects
Visual disturbances
Skin peeling

37
Q

Treatment options for mild seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

Shampoos containing antimicrobials agents such as pyrithione zinc and selenium
Ketoconazole
Corticosteroid gels

38
Q

Cradle cap can be treated with what

A

Coconut oil

Olive oil

39
Q

Hirsutism may result from hormonal disorders or as side effects of drugs such as..

A 
Minoxidil 
Corticosteroids 
Anabolic steroid 
Androgens 
Danazol 
progestogens
40
Q

Treatment of androgenetic alopecia

A

Finasteride

Topical minoxidil

BNF 72/74 (17 decks)

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