Chapter 13 Section 5 Flashcards
Outer sphere for the stars/ interior sphere for man
2 sphere universe
Direct observation to see results, make predictions and form theories or laws on how things worked.
Step beyond just accepting- now investigating.
People began to ask why
Empiriesism
2 sphere universe was perfected by a man named…..
Ptolemy
Ptolemy wrote about 2 sphere universe in his book called
Almegast
Earth at center of the universe with stars, moon and planets circling it
Geocentric universe
Sun stands at center of the universe
Heliocentric
What people see with there eye. Lack of complex math and telescopes
Naked eye astronomy
Moving motion opposite of another moving motion
Retrograde motion
Ptolemy made this model to show speed of moon sun and planets. They move in perfect circles because god made them was his reasoning
Epicycle
Made heliocentric model that sun was center which is correct. Asked to make a calendar and said no because they had the system wrong.
Copernicus
No special observer
Earth is not unique just another planet
Challenge is to accept ideas in society or science was called his..
Copernician principle
Danish astronomer provided support Copernicus’s theory. Observed the sky about movement of heavenly bodies
Tyche Brahe
Brahes assistant an astronomer and mathematician used data to calculate orbit of of planets. It supported the heliocentric view.
Kepler
Planets didn’t move in perfect circles but ovals called
Ellipse
Assembled telescope and observed Jupiter had 4 moons. The church condemned him from going against god and was put on trial and forced to say the wrong thing or else he would be killed
Galileo
Copernicus wrote this book which is neither modern not ancient. Switched locations of earth and sun in the book
De Revolutionibus
Debate between Copernicus and Ptolemy and Church accuses him of teaching Copernicism.
Dialogue on 2 great systems of the world
Stressed experimentation and observation to determine how truth is determine. Had to get physical proof
Bacon
Emphasized human reasoning to understand. Proof is mental. If he doubted then he knew he was real.
Descartes
Step by step process of discovery to collect and measure data
Scientific method
To explain data used reasoning to get an educated guess or possible explanation.
Hypothesis
Chemist who refined chemistry and explained all matter as being composed of tiny particles
Robert Boyle
Theory to explain why planets moved as they did. Gravity and motion theories. Invented calculus
Isaac Newton
Force keeps planets in their orbit is
Gravity
Branch of mathematics developed by Newton
Calculus
