Chapter 13: Python and Web Services

Question 1

A contract between applications that defines the patterns of interaction between two application components.

Answer 1

API
Application Program Interface

Question 2

A built-in Python library used to parse XML data.

Answer 2

ElementTree

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

Question 3

Language-independent data-interchange format based on JavaScript objects.
Best for exchanging lists, dictionaries, or other internal information between programs, especially interactive web applications written in JavaScript

Answer 3

JSON
JavaScript Object Notation

import json

Question 4

When an application is made of components connected across a network.

Answer 4

SOA
Service-Oriented Architecture

Question 5

Very structured language not concerned with formatting content. Format used for storing, sending and receiving data that is then formatted by HTML for display of document or webpage. User-definable tags.

Answer 5

XML
eXtensible Markup Language

Question 6

XML opening and closing tag format

Answer 6

<element>
</element>

Question 7

A branch of an XML tree that can have some text, some attributes, and other nested elements

Answer 7

element / node

Question 8

XML self-closing tag notation if element is empty (has no content)

Answer 8

< element / >

Question 9

XML example format

Answer 9

data = ‘’’

<person>
<name>Chuck</name>
<phone>
\+1 734 303 4456
</phone>
<email></email>
</person>

’’’

Question 10

Method that converts XML string to XML tree

Answer 10

.fromstring()

tree = ET.fromstring(data)

Question 11

function to search XML tree and locate element that matches specified tag

Answer 11

find()

tree.find(‘name’).text
tree.find(‘email’).get(‘hide’) -prints hide attribute ‘yes’

Question 12

method to retrieve a Python list of subtrees that represent the node structures in the XML tree

Answer 12

.findall()

lst = stuff.findall(‘parent node/target nodes’)

Question 13

JSON method to parse json string and extract list / dictionary

Answer 13

json.loads()

Question 14

A unique identifier used to locate a resource on the internet. Includes a protocol (http) and a domain name that specifies its location on a computer network
aka web address

Answer 14

URL
Uniform Resource Locator

Question 15

Language used by web browsers to interpret and compose text, images, and other material into visible or audible web pages.

Answer 15

HTML
Hypertext Markup Language

Question 16

Message sent from a web browser to a web server

Answer 16

HTTP request

Question 17

Application software that provides requests to the server for web documents and services. Receives information through HTTP protocol.
eg. Google, Chrome, FireFox, Edge, Safari

Answer 17

web browser

Question 18

A program which processes the network requests of the users and serves them with files that create web pages. This exchange takes place using Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Answer 18

web server

Question 19

A computer program or device that provides a service to another computer program and its user aka client

Answer 19

server

Question 20

A system that connects two or more computing devices for transmitting and sharing information.

Answer 20

computer network