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Psych Chapter 13 > Chapter 13 Personality And Psychotherapy > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Personality And Psychotherapy Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

All those relatively permanent traits, dispositions, or characteristics within the individual that give measure of consistency to that persons behavior

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2
Q

Psychodynamic Perspective

A

Personality determined by conflicting , unconscious inner forces within the person

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3
Q

The conscious

A

Consist of things you are currently aware of; constantly changing

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4
Q

The preconscious

A

Consists of things you are NOT currently aware of, but could retrieve it if desired

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5
Q

The unconscious

A

Consist of things you’re unaware of and would be difficult to bring into awareness; THE PRIMARY PERSONALITY COMPONENT

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6
Q

ID

A

Functions according to the primary process thought which is irrational, instinct driven, and out of touch with reality; FOLLOWS PLEASURE PRINCIPLE

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7
Q

Ego

A

Functions according to secondary process thought (thinks of consequences) which is rational, controls and channels ID, FOLLOWS REALITY PRINCIPLE

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8
Q

Superego

A

Functions according to the idealistic principle which strives for moral perfection, contains sense of right and wrong

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9
Q

Psychosexual stages of development:

A
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10
Q

Oral stage (0-1)

A

Trust, pleasure comes from oral exploration of the world

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11
Q

Anal stage (1-3)

A

Control, pleasure comes from Urination and defecation

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12
Q

Phallic stage (3-6)

A

Sex role identification, pleasure comes from genital stimulation, oedipus and Electra complex

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13
Q

Latency stage (6-puberty)

A

Learning, sexual iimpulses are present but repressed and energy is focused on achievement and learning

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14
Q

Genital stage (puberty-adulthood)

A

Intimacy, sexuality resurfaces and pleasure comes from sexual activity with a partner, maturity occurs

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15
Q

Fixation

A

Becoming “stuck” in one stage of psychosexual development and not being able to progress any further

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16
Q

Regression

A

Moving back to an earlier stage of development, acting childlike and dependent (oral)

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17
Q

Denial

A

Refusing to accept that the feeling is present or that the event occurred

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18
Q

Repression

A

Relegating anxiety causing thoughts to the unconscious, refusing to think about them

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19
Q

Projection

A

Attributing ones undesirable traits or actions to others, so they become the problem instead of you

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20
Q

Displacement

A

Substituting a less threatening object for the subject of the hostile or sexual impulse (kicking a chair)

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21
Q

Sublimation

A

Redirecting anxiety-causing impulses into socially acceptable actions (putting aggressive child into football)

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22
Q

Reaction formation

A

Taking actions opposite to one’s feelings in order to deny the reality of the feelings

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23
Q

Rationalization

A

Creating intellectually acceptable arguments for thoughts or behavior to hide the actual anxiety-causing impulses (excuses to bad actions)

24
Q

The Rorschach

A

Ink blot test: subject tells what each blot looks like and what aspect of the blot triggered that response

25
Q

The TAT

A

Consists of vague or ambiguous drawings, person describes what’s happening in each drawing

26
Q

Psychodynamic Therapy

A

Meet one on one with therapist

27
Q

Free association

A

Patient reports whatever comes to mind (give topic, speak about it)

28
Q

Resistance

A

Unwillingness to discuss topics related to unconscious conflicts

29
Q

Transference

A

Shifting thoughts/feelings about an important person from the past onto the therapist

30
Q

Dream analysis

A

Clients keep dream journal, reveal latent meanings of their dreams

31
Q

Alfred alder

A

Humans motivated by the need to overcome inferiority and strive for significance (inferiority complex and compensation)

32
Q

Carl Jung

A

Personal unconsciousness, collective unconscious: inherited tendencies to respond in a particular way (archetypes) shared by all humans (bond with mother and son)

33
Q

Erick Erickson

A

Emphasized social influences, development continues throughout life (add stages instead of big groups)

34
Q

Karen horney

A

Emphasized anxiety; felts that frauds theory was inadequate for women and children; cultural variables

35
Q

Humanistic psychology

A

People consciously and purposefully make unique choices that leads them to their own personal growth

36
Q

Carl Rogers

A

Self theory

37
Q

Real self

A

Peoples actual perception of themselves and their abilities (know weaknesses and strengths)

38
Q

Ideal self

A

Contains the attributes that the person wishes they had

39
Q

Fully functioning person

A

A match between real and ideal self

40
Q

Humanistic therapy

A

Client based/centered therapy, developed by Carl rogers

41
Q

Behavioral theories

A

An individuals personality is nothing more than their LEARNED responses to the environment

42
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Clients learn how to replace an anxiety with relaxation (counting to 10 when mad)

43
Q

Extinction

A

Likelihood of maladaptive response is reduced (flooding: person is over exposed to anxiety, provoking stimulus until it is no longer provoking anxiety (spider video)

44
Q

Token economies

A

Using tokens that can be exchanged for other items or privileges as a reinforcer (buying new clothes every 5 lbs lost)

45
Q

Modeling

A

Learning appropriate or desirable behavior by observing the actions of others (need to be shown how to act or else they won’t know)

46
Q

Cognitive theories

A

Thought processes that lead to behavior, focuses on the role that thought processes play in creating disordered behavior, changes faulty thinking patterns

47
Q

Common irrational beliefs

A

I must be perfect/ everyone must love me , the past determines the future

48
Q

Becks cognitive therapy

A

Pattern of cognitive distortion associated with depression, exaggerate failures

49
Q

Trait theories

A

Describes the structure of personality rather than explaining through a process

50
Q

Universal theory

A

Examine how individuals differ on traits that all people posses (Carl jung)

51
Q

Distinctive theories

A

Examine individuals unique sets of personality traits

52
Q

The Big Five

A

Extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience

53
Q

Cardinal trait

A

Single dominent trait that influences all activities

54
Q

Central traits

A

Influences behavior in most situations

55
Q

Secondary traits

A

Influences behavior in specific situations

Psych Chapter 13 (1 decks)

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