Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycle

Question 1

Reproductive haploid cells

Answer 1

Gametes

Question 2

Gene’s locus

Answer 2

Gene’s specific location on the chromosome

Question 3

Asexual repro VS sexual repro

Answer 3

One parent; two parents
Offspring are genetically identical (clones); Genetic variation
Mitosis (binary fission, fragmentation, budding); Meiosis to form gametes, which fuse to form diploid zygote

Question 4

Localised mass of mitotically dividing cells

Answer 4

Budding

Question 5

Ordered display of chromosomes (according to length)

Answer 5

Karyotype

Question 6

Homologous chromosomes have the same _____, ______, and ______

Answer 6

Length, centromere position, staining pattern

Question 7

Homologs carry genes that determine the same _______

Answer 7

Characteristics

Question 8

Sex chromosomes

Answer 8

X and Y chromosomes

Question 9

How many sets of autosomes are there in a somatic cell?

Answer 9

22

Question 10

Gametes develop from germ cells, which are in the ______

Answer 10

Gonads

Question 11

Sporophyte

Answer 11

Multicellular diploid stage in plants and some algae

Question 12

Gametophyte

Answer 12

Multicellular haploid stage in plants and some algae

Question 13

Gametes in plants and some algae are formed from

Answer 13

Mitosis of gametophyte

Question 14

What happens during prophase?

Answer 14

1) Centrosome moves
2) spindle fibres forms
3) nuclear envelope breakdowns
4) Chromosomes condense
5) Synapsis—pairing up of chromosomes

Question 15

Sister chromatids are held together by

Answer 15

Cohesins

Question 16

What does the synaptonemal complex do?

Answer 16

Holds two homologs tightly to one another

Question 17

For fungi and some protists, the zygote

Answer 17

doesn’t grow (single-celled)

Question 18

Number of possible combinations of homologous chromosomes in humans =

Answer 18

2^23