Chapter 13: Climate Change Flashcards
Short-term state of the atmosphere.
Weather
Long-term pattern of weather.
Climate
Name the 5 layers of the atmosphere.
Exosphere
Thermosphere
Mesosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
The science that studies the earth’s atmosphere, weather and weather condition.
Meteorology
People who study the weather.
Meteorologist
The science that deals with the phenomena of climates or climatic conditions
Climatology
People who study the climate
Climatologist
Weather is determined by what factors?
-Air temperature
-Air pressure
-Precipitation
-Wind (strength and direction)
-Types of clouds
-Humidity
Lower latitude=?
Higher latitude=?
Warm, cold
Air is pressing down onto the surface of the earth.
High pressure
Air is lifting off and moving away from the surface of the earth.
Low pressure
Is the force exerted by the gases pushing on an object.
Air pressure
It is the product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravitational pull from clouds.
Precipitation
It is the amount of water vapor in the air.
Humidity
Air moves from an area of high pressure to that of low pressure.
Wind velocity
What does PAGASA stand for?
Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
It is the government agency that handles climatology and meteorology in the philippines.
PAGASA
_________ __________are the devices used in measuring the different weather components.
Weather instruments
It measures the air temperature.
Thermometer
It is also called a weather vane. It is an instrument that is used for showing the direction of wind.
Wind vane
Weather instruments and it’s components:
Temperature-
Thermometer
Weather instruments and it’s components:
Barometer-
Atmospheric pressure
Weather instruments and it’s components:
Wind vane(direction) and/or Anemometer-
Wind
Weather instruments and it’s components:
Hygrometer-
Humidity
Weather instruments and it’s components:
Rain gauge-
Precipitation
Weather instruments and it’s components:
Ceilometer-
Cloud cover/sky condition
What are the factors that influence temperature? Name all 3
Latitude, proximity to large bodies of water, elevation
Explain why and how latitude influences temperature.
As the latitude increases north or south of the equator the temperature decreases. The latitudinal position of a country, or its distance from the equator, and earth’s tilt define its climate.
Explain why and how large bodies of water influence temperature.
Surrounded by bodies of water and can have windward and leeward sides. Areas located on the windward side of islands are cool and moist. Areas on the leeward side are warm and dry.
Explain why and how elevation influences temperature.
Temperature decreases with elevation, the higher the elevation the lower the temperature.
What is the angle of earth’s tilt?
23.5°
What are the factors that influence precipitation? Name both
Proximity to mountain ranges/topography, wind
What is the orographic effect?
Refers to the dynamics of air and precipitation on the windward slope of mountains. Moist air masses are pushed upward and moist air condenses as rain clouds.
What is the rain shadow effect?
It occurs on the leeward slope of mountains, which is generally dry and receives only less train called rain shadow.
What are the two effects of topography?
Orographic and rain shadow effect
There were periods when it was covered by vast sheets of ice, which would reflect back heat to the sun more efficiently than non-iced areas could. This phenomenon is known as the ___________
Albedo effect
It is the long-term average increase in global temperature.
Global warming
What are gaseous substances that absorb infrared radiation from the sun and trap the heat in the atmosphere.
Greenhouse gases
