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The Vascular System > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

the vessels that carry blood from arterioles to venules are

A

capillaries

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2
Q

the vessels that carry blood from the heart to capillaries are

A

arteries

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3
Q

the vessels that carry blood from capillaries to the heart are

A

veins

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4
Q

what is the lining of the arteries and veins and what is it made of

A

tunica intima and it is made of simple squamous epithelial

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5
Q

what is the function of the tunica intima

A

the smoothness prevents blood clotting

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6
Q

what is the middle layer of arteries and veins and what is it made of

A

tunica media and is made of smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue

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7
Q

what is the function of the tunica media

A

help maintain diastolic blood pressure

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8
Q

what is the outer layer of arteries and veins and what is it made of

A

tunica externia and is made of fibrous connective tissue

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9
Q

what is the function of the tunica externa

A

prevents the rupture of blood vessels

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10
Q

middle layer is thick because these vessels are important in the maintenance of blood pressure

A

arteries

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11
Q

the lining is not folded into valves

A

arteries

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12
Q

the outer layer is thick to prevent rupture by the high blood pressure in these vessels

A

arteries

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13
Q

the outer layer is thin because blood pressure is low

A

veins

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14
Q

the lining is folded into valves to prevent backflow of blood

A

veins

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15
Q

the middle layer is thin because these vessels are not as important in the maintenance of blood pressure

A

veins

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16
Q

direct connections between arteries or veins are called

A

anastomoses

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17
Q

what is the purpose of anastomoses

A

provide alternate pathways for flow of blood if one vessel becomes blocked or obstructed

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18
Q

what type of tissue is capillaries made of

A

simple squamous epithelium

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19
Q

why are capillaries are smooth and thin

A

to prevent abnormal clotting and thin to permit exchanges of materials between the blood and surrounding cells

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20
Q

blood flow through capillary networks is regulated by what

A

smooth muscle cells called precapillary spincters

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21
Q

in active tissue precapillay blood will do what

A

dilate to increase blood flow to supply tissues with more oxygen

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22
Q

large permable capillaries are called what

A

sinusoids

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23
Q

proteins and blood cells can enter or leave sinusoids which are found in

A

liver spleen and red bone marrow

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24
Q

molecules move from greater area of concentration to a lesser area of concentration

A

diffusion

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25
Q

co2 moves from tissue fluid into the blood

A

diffusion

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26
Q

oxygen moves from the blood to tissue fluid

A

diffusion

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27
Q

high blood pressure at the arterial end of capillary networks forces plasma out of capillaries

A

filtration

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28
Q

nutrients move from the blood into the tisssue fluid

A

filtration

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29
Q

albumin in the blood creates a colloid osmosis pressure that pulls water and dissolved materials

A

osmosis

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30
Q

waste products move from tissue fluid into the blood

A

osmosis

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31
Q

in the pulmonary circulation the pathway begins where? what does it pump blood through?

A

rigtht ventricle,pulmonary artery to the lungs

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32
Q

blood in pulmonary veins returns to the

A

left atrium

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33
Q

what is the purpose of the pumonary pathway

A

exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood in pulmonary capillaries and in the alveoli of the lungs

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34
Q

where does the systemic circulation pathway begin

A

left ventricle and pumps blood through aorta to the body

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35
Q

blood in thr superior and inferior caval veins returns

A

to the right atrium

36
Q

what is the purpose of the systemic circulation pathway

A

exchange materials between the blood in the systemic capillaries and the cells throughout body

37
Q

below the level of the diaphragm

A

abdominal

38
Q

emerges from the left ventricle

A

acsending

39
Q

passes through the chest cavity tobthe level of the diaphragm

A

thoracic

40
Q

curves the top of the heart

A

aortic arch

41
Q

coronary artery

A

heart

42
Q

femoral artery

A

thigh

43
Q

brachial artery

A

arm

44
Q

bronchial artery

A

bronchioles

45
Q

internal carotid artery

A

brain

46
Q

renal artery

A

kidneys

47
Q

hepatic artery

A

liver

48
Q

intercoastal artery

A

chest wall

49
Q

anterior tibial artery

A

lower leg

50
Q

subclavian artery

A

shoulder

51
Q

radial artery

A

forearm

52
Q

superior mesenteric artery

A

small intestine

53
Q

esophageal artery

A

esophagus

54
Q

vertebral artery

A

brain

55
Q

celiac artery

A

abdominal organs

56
Q

popliteal artery

A

knee

57
Q

common iliac artery

A

hip

58
Q

plantar arches artery

A

foot

59
Q

external jugular vein

A

neck

60
Q

axillary vein

A

armpit

61
Q

great saphenous vein

A

leg and thigh

62
Q

inferior vena cava vein

A

lower body

63
Q

common iliac vein

A

hip

64
Q

ulnar vein

A

forearm

65
Q

cranial venous sinuses

A

brain

66
Q

superior vena cava

A

upper body

67
Q

renal vein

A

kidney

68
Q

subclavian vein

A

shoulder

69
Q

brachial vein

A

arm

70
Q

femoral vein

A

thigh

71
Q

site of exchange of materials between fetal blood and material blood and what are some of the materials exchanged

A

placenta. oxygen co2 and nurtients and waste products

72
Q

processes of exchange

A

diffusion or active transport

73
Q

fetus is connected to placenta by the umbilical cord which contains what

A

2 umbilical arteries and 1 umbilical vein

74
Q

umbilical arteries carry blood from

A

fetus to placenta

75
Q

within the body of the fetus the umbilical vein branches into how many vessels

A

2

76
Q

the first branch of umbilical vein takes blood where

A

fetal liver

77
Q

the second branch of umbilical veins is called what and where does it take blood

A

inferior vena cava which returns blood to the right atrium of the fetal heart

78
Q

within the fetal heart what is an opening in the interatrial septum that permits some blood flow frombthe right atrium to the left atrium

A

foramen ovale

79
Q

within the foreman ovale flow what does the blood do

A

bypass the fetal lungs

80
Q

what is just outside the fetal heart and is a short vessel that permits blood to flow from the pulmonary artery to the aorta

A

ductess arterious

81
Q

what is the purpise of the ductus arteriosus

A

permits most fetal blood to bypass the lungs

82
Q

after birth what does the ductus venosus do

A

constricts and becomes nonfunctional

83
Q

after birth what happens to the foramen ovale and the ductus arteriosus

A

the foraman ovale is closed by a flap on the left side and the ductus constricts . this ensures normal pulmonary circulation will be established

84
Q

what happens to the velosity of blood flow when a cross sectional area of the vascular system increases

A

decreases

85
Q

what is venous return

A

the amount of blood that returns to the heart

86
Q

venous return is essential to maintain what

A

cardiac output

The Vascular System (1 decks)

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