Chapter 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 4 criteria that genetic material must fulfill

A

INformation
Transmission
Replication
Variation

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2
Q

Griffith’s experiment

A

showed that the genetic material from type S bacteria could transform type R bacteria into type S

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3
Q

Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s experiment

A

discovered that the transforming substance is DNA

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4
Q

Hershey and Chase’s experiment

A

determined that the genetic material of T2 phage is DNA

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5
Q

When a base is attached only to a sugar we call this pair a

A

nucleoside

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6
Q

one or more phosphate groups, a sugar, and a base

A

nucleotide

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7
Q

In a DNA strand, nucleotides are covalently attached to one another via ____ linkages

A

phosphodiester

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8
Q

The idea that the amount of A is DNA equals the amount of T, and the amount of G equals the amount of C is known as

A

Chargaff’s rule

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9
Q

Pauling used ball-and-sick models to deduce the

A

secondary structure of a protein

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10
Q

Franklin

A

performed x-ray diffraction studies that helped to determine the structure of DNA

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11
Q

Chargaff

A

determined that in DNA, A=T and C=G

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12
Q

Watson and Crick

A

deduced the structure of DNA by building models that were consistent with the available data

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13
Q

DNA is usually a ___ double helix

A

right-handed

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14
Q

The two strands of DNA are antiparallel and contain ___ basepairs per turn

A

ten

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15
Q

Base stacking also stabilizes the double helix of DNA by excluding _____

A

water

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16
Q

The spiral structure of DNA has a ____ and _____ grooves

A

major and minor

17
Q

____ is the major form of DNA found in living cells

A

B DNA

18
Q

____ is the alternative form of DNA, it has a left-handed conformation

A

Z DNA

19
Q

A strand of nucleotides that can form double stranded helical regions and fold into 3D structures

A

RNA