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EMT > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

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0
Q

Purpose of assessing a patient?

A
  • Determine the nature of the problem
  • Manage immediate threats to life
  • Establish priorities for treatment & transport
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1
Q

Steps of the scene size up

A
  1. Take standard precautions
  2. Evaluate scene hazards and ensure scene safety (PPE’s/Pt/Bystanders)
  3. Determine the mechanism of injury or nature of illness
  4. Establish the number of patients
  5. Ascertain the need for additional resources
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2
Q

Primary assessment involves obtaining a general impression of the patients?

A

Level of consciousness
ABC’s
Oxygenation

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3
Q

What is immediately treated before moving on to the next portion of the primary assessment?

A

Any life-threatening condition

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4
Q

The primary assessment is systematic, but not necessarily linear; and completed in how many seconds?

A

60 seconds

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5
Q

Form a general impression and then?

A

Correct obvious life threats

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6
Q

After correcting obvious life threats?

A

Determine whether the patient is a trauma or medical or both

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7
Q

Once determining the patient is a trauma…? T

A

Determine if there Is a spinal injury/no spinal injury?

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8
Q

After stabilizing a pt? T

A

Assess their mental status

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9
Q

After assessing the patient’s mental status? T

A

Assess their airway

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10
Q

If the airway is open or closed then? T

A

Perform the job thrust maneuver or assess breathing status

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11
Q

after assessing the breathing status? T

A

Determine whether it is inadequate or adequate

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12
Q

If a patient’s breathing status is inadequate? T

A

Begin positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen and assess the circulation

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13
Q

After you assess the circulation. T

A

Determine if there is a Pulse present or absent

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14
Q

If a pulse is present? T

A

Assess for major bleeding

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15
Q

If there is an absent Pulse? T

A

Begin CPR/apply AED and transport

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16
Q

After assessing the major bleeding, if there is present major bleeding?

A

Control the bleeding and assess the skin

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17
Q

After controlling the bleeding and assessing the skin? T

A

Perform a secondary assessment trauma patient

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18
Q

If there is no major bleeding? T

A

Assess the skin and perform a secondary assessment trauma pt

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19
Q

If there is a suspected spinal injury? T

A

Establish in-line stabilization and assess mental status

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20
Q

If the patient is a medical…..? M

A

Assess their mental status

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21
Q

After assessing the mental status? M

A

Assess the patient’s airway

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22
Q

If the patient airway is open? M

A

Assess the patient’s breathing status

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23
Q

If the patient’s airway is closed? M

A

Perform head tilt, chin lift and assess their breathing status

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24
Q

after assessing their breathing status…..? M

A

Determine if the patient’s breathing is adequate or inadequate

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25
Q

If a patient’s breathing is adequate? M

A

Assess their circulation

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26
Q

If a patient’s breathing status is inadequate…..? M

A

Begin positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen and assess their circulation

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27
Q

After assessing the patient’s circulation? M

A

Check if there is a Pulse present or absent

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28
Q

If a patient’s pulse is present…..? M

A

Assess the patient’s skin and perform a secondary assessment medical patient

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29
Q

If a patient’s pulse is absent….? M

A

Begin CPR/apply AED and prepare to transport

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30
Q

Components of the primary assessment

A
  1. Form a general impression of the patient
  2. Assess the level of consciousness (mental status)
  3. Assess airway
  4. Assess breathing
  5. Assess oxygenation
  6. Assess circulation
  7. Establish patient priorities
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31
Q

Forming a general impression of the patient

A 
Estimate the patient's age
Patients sex
Determine if trauma or medical
Obtain the patient's CC
Identify/manage immediate life threats
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32
Q

Determine if the patient is ill or injured - trauma or medical

A

Look for the MOI the NOI

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33
Q

If you suspect a spinal injury?

A

Stabilize the head and spine

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34
Q

Two types of trauma?

A

Penetrating and blunt force

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35
Q

Penetrating trauma

A

A force that pierces the skin and body tissues, often from gunshots and knives, also from impalement, screwdrivers, ice picks, handlebars, broken glass, metal, wood, or any other sharp object

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36
Q

Blunt trauma

A

Caused by a force that impacts/is applied to the body, but is not sharp enough to penetrate

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37
Q

Types of blunt trauma

A

Vehicle crashes, falls, fights, crushing, building collapses, caught in machinery, hit with a hard object

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38
Q

Determine the chief complaint

A

Why were EMS called

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39
Q

During the general impression, what should you identify?

A

Immediate life threats and intervene

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40
Q

Obvious life threats

A

Compromised airway (blood, vomit, etc)
Open wounds to the chest
Paradoxical movement of a segment of the chest (retraction of sorts)
Major bleeding (flowing/squirting)
Unresponsive with no breathing/Agonal breaths
Cardiac arrest

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41
Q

Paradoxical movement of a segment of the chest

A

Inward movement on inhalation and outward movement on exhalation

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42
Q

After recognizing cardiac arrest, immediately…

A

Begin chest compressions, open the airway, provide PPV, apply and AED

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43
Q

Establishing in-line stabilization

A
  1. Place one hand on each side of the patient’s head
  2. Align the patient’s nose with his navel
  3. Position the head neutrally so the head is not extended (tipped backward) or flexed (tipped forward)
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44
Q

use in-line stabilization when…

A

You suspect a spinal injury

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45
Q

In-line stabilization must be maintained until…

A

The patient is fully immobilized

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46
Q

If you find A patient prone?

A

Quickly log roll him into a supine position

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47
Q

It is not possible to properly assess the airway or breathing if a patient is

A

Prone

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48
Q

Before log rolling the patient, quickly assess….?

A

The entire posterior side. Inspect and palpate for major bleeding, deformities, open wounds, bruises, burns, tenderness, or swelling

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49
Q

When log rolling a patient, if an open wound is on the posterior thorax….?

A

Quickly occlude the wound, use dressing tape on three sides

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50
Q

Before logrolling, if spinal injury is possible….?

A

Establish in-line stabilization

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51
Q

Assess level of consciousness by

A

Quickly assessing the level of responsiveness using the AVPU pneumonic

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52
Q

AVPU

A

Alert
Verbal (responds to verbal stimulus)
Painful (response to painful stimulus)
Unresponsive

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53
Q

When assessing a patient, they are alert and oriented…

A

If their eyes are open and able to speak

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54
Q

And alert patient maybe….

A

Oriented or disoriented

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55
Q

During assessing the level of consciousness, a patient responds to verbal stimuli….

A

If the patient opens their eyes and responds, or attempts to respond to your voice

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56
Q

When assessing the level of consciousness, if A patient does not speak, during response to verbal stimuli, see if the patient will….

A

Follow a command, lift your finger, squeeze my finger, wiggle your toes, blink

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57
Q

When assessing the level of consciousness, a patient that is responsive to painful stimuli may…

A

Have no response to verbal, but response to pain

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58
Q

A patient may respond to painful stimuli by…

A

Grimacing and displaying purposeful or non-purposeful movement

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59
Q

Methods of applying to painful stimuli are done during which assessment?

A

Level of consciousness

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60
Q

Trapezius pinch

A

Pinch the trapezius muscle that extends from the base of the neck to the shoulder

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61
Q

Supraorbital pressure

A

Slide your finger under the upper ridge of the eyesocket and apply upward pressure. (Right under the eyebrow on top of the eyeball)

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62
Q

Sternal rub

A

Apply hard downward pressure to the center of the sternum with knuckles of your hand

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63
Q

Earlobe pinch

A

Pinch the soft tissue portion of the earlobe

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64
Q

Armpit pinch

A

Pinch the skin and underlying tissue along the margin of the armpit

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65
Q

Peripheral painful stimuli can be applied when….

A

Assessing a patient’s level of consciousness to see if they respond to painful stimulus

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66
Q

Types of peripheral painful stimuli are…

A

Nailbed pressure, pinching the web of the finger and thumb, pinching a finger toe hand or foot

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67
Q

A purposeful movement…

A

An attempt made by the patient to remove the stimulus or avoid pain

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68
Q

If a patient makes a purposeful movement, what would you document this as….

A

Withdraws the stimulus, withdraws from pain

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69
Q

During response to painful stimulus assessment, if a patient grab your hand, you can be sure that the patient has…

A

A higher level of brain function then a patient who just moved their arm toward the pain

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70
Q

two types of non-purposeful movements

A

Flexon posturing and extension posturing

Decorticate posturing and decerebrate posturing

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71
Q

Flexion/decorticate posturing

A

Patient arches the back and flexes the arms toward the chest

When the patient protects it core

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72
Q

Extension/Decerebrate posturing

A

Patient arches the back and extends their arms straight out parallel to the body.

When the patient cannot protect their core

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73
Q

Both types of non-purposeful movements may be signs of….

A

Serious head injury

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74
Q

Unresponsive patients are high-priority for…

A

Emergency care and transport

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75
Q

If a patient is unresponsive to verbal or painful stimuli this can indicate….

A

The patient’s loss of ability to maintain their airway

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76
Q

During the level of consciousness, be sure and specific to document the level of responsiveness to establish what?

A

A baseline for later comparison

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77
Q

Because the peripheral stimulus may not ever reach the brain, it is appropriate to assess what kind of painful stimuli instead?

A

Central stimuli instead, which will be transmitted to the brain as to not get a false reading to the peripheral stimulus

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78
Q

It is important to remember during a sternal rub method, that the patient may

A

React to the stimulus, but it may not be a purposeful movement.

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79
Q

Unresponsive patients do not respond to what

A

Verbal or painful stimuli

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80
Q

Unresponsive patient commonly lose their…

A

Gag and cough reflexes and the ability to control the tongue and epiglottis

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81
Q

When an unresponsive patient loses their abilities to maintain gag cough and ability to control tongue and epiglottis….

A

The airway can become compromised

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82
Q

A patient is considered to have an altered mental status when

A

The patient is not alert, but responds to either verbal or painful stimulus

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83
Q

Like unresponsive patients, AMS patients Who are not unresponsive, May be prone to what…?

A

Airway compromise

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84
Q

The more specific you are regarding how the patient responds to either verbal or painful stimulus makes it easier for others to assess what?

A

A deteriorating mental status at a later point of time

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85
Q

AVPU check should take how long?

A

No longer than a few seconds and i

quickly establishes A baseline for mental status, to be later compared too

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86
Q

Once you have assess the patient’s level of responsiveness, you must immediately proceed to the assessment of

A

The airway

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87
Q

There are two types of airways during assessment

A

A closed/blocked/occluded
OR
PATENT/OPEN

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88
Q

If a patient’s airway is not patent, you must immediately open it by using….

A

Manual techniques or mechanical devices

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89
Q

A quick way to determine the airway status can be

A

During the AVPU check

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90
Q

A patient who is alert, responsive, and talking without signs of distress can be assumed to have…

A

A patent airway

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91
Q

If a patient is alert and talking without difficulty or if a child or infant is crying, you can assume that The patient’s airway is…

A

Patent and can move onto the assessment of breathing

92
Q

If there are signs of respiratory distress during an alert patient talking….

A

Examine closely for a blocked or partially blocked airway

93
Q

If ever any doubt that the airway is open, you should immediately…

A

Take steps to open the airway

94
Q

Unresponsive or severely AMS patients tend to have a high incidence for….

A

Airway occlusion resulting from relaxation of the muscles in the upper airway

95
Q

What causes the tongue and epiglottis to fall back and partially blocked the lower part of the pharynx and the opening to the trachea

A

Muscle relaxation

96
Q

Sounds that may indicate partial airway obstruction

A

Snoring, gurgling, crowing, or stridor

97
Q

Snoring

A

A rough snoring type sound on inspiration and exhalation

98
Q

Gurgling

A

A sound similar to air rushing through water on inspiration and exhalation

99
Q

Crowing

A

A sound like a cawing crow on inspiration

100
Q

Stridor

A

Harsh, high-pitched sound on inspiration

101
Q

If a patient’s muscles relax and their airway becomes obstructed, immediately do what?

A

Open the airway by using manual techniques or mechanical devices

102
Q

For a snoring patient, to correct the sound…

A

Use the head tilt chin lift or jaw thrust maneuvers

Or use oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway

103
Q

If a patient is gurgling, immediately do what?

A

Suction out the contents or turn the patient and sweep the mouth

104
Q

Do not waste time when clearing the airway, the key is to be….

A

Prepared and use whichever device or technique is most readily available so that they do not aspirate into the airway, respiratory tract, or lungs

105
Q

Crowing in stride door are both high pitch sounds produced on inspiration, most commonly associated with

A

Swelling or muscle spasms

106
Q

What kind of conditions cause crowing or Stridor?

A

Airway infections, allergic reactions, or burns to the upper airway

107
Q

After you secure an open airway, you need to assess the patient’s?

A

Breathing status

108
Q

A patient’s breathing assessment can only be done after

A

Securing an open airway

109
Q

When assessing a patient’s breathing you must determine what?

A

If the breathing is adequate or inadequate,

if there is a need for early oxygen therapy (adequate),

and if PPV with supplemental oxygen is needed (inadequate)

110
Q

The best method to assess a patient’s breathing is by

A

Looking, listening, and feeling

111
Q

One respiration consists of

A

One inhalation and one exhalation

112
Q

While assessing the rate and quality of breathing, make sure to assess both the…

A

Tidal volume and respiratory rate

113
Q

And in adequate rate or inadequate tidal volume equal

A

Inadequate breathing

114
Q

Adequate rate and adequate tidal volume equal

A

Adequate breathing

115
Q

In adequate tidal volume

A

Poor movement or rise of the chest wall, indicating that an in adequate amount of air is being breathe in with each respiration. This is typically described as shallow respirations

116
Q

Abnormal respiratory rate

A

Breathing that is either too fast or too slow and ranges outside of 8 to 24 for adults, 15 to 34 children, 25 to 50 for infants

117
Q

Bradypnea

A

Respiratory rate that is too slow, May cause the minute volume to be inadequate, this low rate will lead to hypoxia

118
Q

Minute volume

A

Amount of air breathed into the lungs in one minute

119
Q

Hypoxia

A

In adequate oxygen delivery to the tissues

120
Q

Bradypnea may be caused by

A

Hypoxia, especially in young children and infants, drug overdose on depressant drugs, head injury, stroke, hypothermia, and toxic inhalation

121
Q

Hypothermia

A

Cold emergency

122
Q

Tachypnea

A

A respiratory rate that is too fast

123
Q

During tachypnea

A

A patients rate becomes excessive and the lungs do not have enough time between breaths to fill adequately therefore the minute volume becomes inadequate

124
Q

During tachypnea, what may lead to hypoxia

A

In adequate breathing

125
Q

A patient will likely become hypoxia during Tachypnea

A

When the respiratory rate is greater than 40 per minute and an adult because the time for the lungs to refill is too short, and the title volume will become inadequate

126
Q

Tachypnea May be caused by

A

Hypoxia, fever, pain, drug overdose, stimulant drug use, shock, head injury, chest injury, stroke, or other medical conditions

127
Q

Chemoreceptors constantly measure the amount of

A

Carbon dioxide and oxygen in the arterial blood

128
Q

Carbon dioxide is a strong stimulus to

A

Breathe

129
Q

When carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase

A

The respiratory rate increases in and attempt to eliminate the excess carbon dioxide from the body

130
Q

An early sign of hypoxia is

A

Pale, cold, clammy moist skin

131
Q

What is a late sign of hypoxia

A

Cyanosis

132
Q

If a patient does not have asymmetrical movement of the chest wall, this may be an indication of

A

A significant chest injury

133
Q

If an airway is obstructed you can use what to relieve a foreign object?

A

Manual thrusts to the abdomen for adults or chest thrusts and back blows for infants

134
Q

When assessing the breathing rate and quality use these three things?

A

Look, listen, feel

135
Q

When you LOOK during breathing assessment, look for

A

In adequate tidal volume, abnormal respiratory rate (Bradypnea or tachypnea), retractions, use of accessory muscles, nasal flaring

136
Q

While assessing a patient’s breathing, LOOK for,

A

Tracheal tugging, pale cool clammy skin, cyanosis, pulls oximetry of less than 95%, asymmetrical chest wall movement

137
Q

When assessing a patient’s breathing you will listen and feel for…

A

Absent or in adequate breathing

138
Q

In the patient who is breathing adequately, consider the SPO2 reading, complaints of dyspnea, & look for signs and symptoms of….

A

Hypoxia, hypoxemia, poor perfusion, heart failure, respiratory dress

139
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of breathing

140
Q

Dyspnea

A

The uncomfortable sensation of breathing difficulty, is produced when the oxygen demands of the cell are not being met by the respiratory or circulatory system

141
Q

Apneic

A

Not breathing

142
Q

A patient with an SPO to reading of less than 94% should be considered to be

A

Hypoxemic and receive supplemental oxygen

143
Q

Primary assessment for circulation

A

Pulse - present or absent
Major bleeding
Skin color/temperature/condition
Capillary refill

144
Q

The primary reason for checking circulation is to determine whether…

A

The heart is beating, there is severe bleeding, and whether blood is circulating adequately throughout the patient’s body

145
Q

If a patient has in adequate blood circulation, The patient may be suffering from?

A

A perfusion problem or shock

146
Q

When assessing the Pulse of an unresponsive patient, The first thing you want to do is…?

A

AsCertain whether the heart is beating

147
Q

In an unresponsive patient, if you cannot feel a radial pulse, you should immediately assess which pulse?

A

The carotid pulse

148
Q

The carotid pulse is typically the most….

A

Prominent Pulse and is the last to be lost in the patient

149
Q

Hey pulls that is growing faint can still be filled in the __________ artery even when it can no longer be felt in a peripheral artery?

A

Carotid

150
Q

Hypoxia

A

Oxygwn starvation

151
Q

Tachycardia May indicate

A

Anxiety, blood loss, shock, abnormal heart rhythm, heart attack, drug overdose come early hypoxia, fever, and other medical or Trumatic conditions

152
Q

Peripheral Pulse can be found where?

A

Radial, brachial, femoral

153
Q

Your central Pulse is what

A

Carotid pulse

154
Q

If the carotid pulse is absent immediately begin ….?

A

Chest compressions with the supplemental oxygen and apply and AED

155
Q

When identifying a major bleeding you will…

A

Expose the area by cutting away the clothing, always use gloves, apply direct pressure to control the bleeding, dress the bleeding

156
Q

Perfusion

A

The sufficient supply of oxygen to the body cells that results from adequate circulation of blood through the capillaries

157
Q

A patients perfusion can be assessed by checking…?

A

Skin color, temperature and skin condition

158
Q

Capillary refill is typically a reliable indicator of _______ infants and children

A

Perfusion

159
Q

Abnormal skin colors are

A

Pale or mottled
Cyanotic
Red
Yellow

160
Q

Pale or mottled skin usually indicate a decrease in…

A

Perfusion and the onset of shock (hypoperfusion)

161
Q

If a patient’s skin is pale or mottled, suspect that the patient is….

A

Losing blood internally or externally or suffering another cause of shock

162
Q

If a patient’s skin is cyanotic you should suspect that the patient May have

A

Reduced oxygenation from chest injuries, blood loss, or conditions like pneumonia or pulmonary enema that disrupt gas exchange in the lungs, it is a late sign of poor perfusion

163
Q

The hemoglobin in the red blood cells change color when

A

Starved of oxygen

164
Q

When the hemoglobin in the red blood cells change color from being starved of oxygen what happens to the skin

A

The patient is hypoxic and their skin turns cyanotic

165
Q

A patient with anemia has a low number of what

A

Red blood cells or low hemoglobin content to start with, this may take longer to become cyanotic when hypoxic

166
Q

A patient with red or flushed skin usually indicates an increase in

A

The amount of blood circulating in the blood vessels under the skin

167
Q

When a patient is red in color that can indicate what

A

Anaphylactic or vasogenic shock, poisoning, overdose or some diabetic or other medical conditions

168
Q

What are some other things that can turn the skin red?

A

Alcohol ingestion, local inflammation, cold exposure, or a severe heat emergency, heatstroke.

169
Q

A patient with yellow skin would indicate..

A

Possible liver dysfunction, jaundice, common in patients suffering from some form of liver disease, chronic alcoholism, or endocrine disturbance caused by increased bilirubin.

170
Q

Bilirubin is

A

A product of hemoglobin breakdown that is normally eliminated by the liver

171
Q

How do you best assess the patient’s temperature

A

By placing the back of your bare hand or fingers on the patient’s abdomen, face or neck

172
Q

If a patient has a hot skin this may be a result from

A

Hot environment or extremely elevated body court temperature

173
Q

If a patient has a cool skin this may be from

A

Decreased perfusion as seen in shock as well as exposure to cold temperatures for right anxiety drug overdose or other medical conditions that interfere with the bodies ability to regulate temperature

174
Q

If a patient has cold skin, this may be from

A

Frostbite, significant cold exposure, Emerson in the cold water, or severe hypothermia.

175
Q

Hypothermia

A

General cooling resulting from cold exposure

176
Q

If a patient has cold skin, their skin may appear to be

A

From or stiff

177
Q

If a patient has skin that appears to be firm or stiff, this is a significant sign of

A

Frost bite or a cold induced injury

178
Q

If a patient has cool and clammy skin their skin will appear to be

A

Moist

179
Q

If a patient displays moist, cool and clammy skin this may be related to

A

Blood loss, fright, nervousness, anxiety, pain, or medical conditions.

180
Q

Cool and clammy skin is the most common sign of

A

Shock or hypoperfusion

181
Q

A patient’s skin condition refers to the amount of ______ found on the skin surface

A

Moisture

182
Q

If a patient is displaying dry skin they may be suffering from

A

Dehydration or suffering from severe heat exposure/heatstroke or from some medical emergencies

183
Q

If a patient has moist skin that is wet to the touch it may indicate

A

Sweating in a hot environment, exercise or exertion, fever or heart attack hypoglycemia shock/perfusion or many other condition

184
Q

Moist clammy skin associated with medical or trauma conditions is typically produced from

A

Circulating epinephrine

185
Q

What property in the Epinephrine stimulates the sweat glands?

A

The Alpha stimulant

187
Q

If a patient assessment reveals pale cool clammy skin, specially If there is a significant mechanism of injury, and altered mental status, or severe bleeding you should assume that the patient is in

A

Shock/hypo perfusion

188
Q

Treatment for shock

A

control bleeding, keep Pt warm, provide O2, splint fractures,

189
Q

Establish Pt priority

A

unstable vs stable

190
Q

a 2nd assessment

A

conduct physical exm
baseline vs
obtain pt history

191
Q

2 types of physical exams are?

A

head-to-toe/rapid or modified/focused

192
Q

GEN IMP.

Obvious blood, vomitus, secretion, other obstructsion

A

ER CARE

immediately suction or clear the obstruction from the airway

193
Q

GEN IMP.

Obvious open wound to the anterior, lateral, posterior chest

A

Immediately cover the open wound w/ a nonporous or occlusive dressing taped on three sides

194
Q

GEN IMP

paradoxical movement of the chest

A

Stablize the segment w/ your hand or provide BVM vent. if necessary for inadequate breathing

195
Q

GEN IMP

Major bleeding that is spurting or flowing steadily

A

apply direct pressure to the site of bleeding

196
Q

GEN IMP

mechanism of injury that might produce spinal injury

A

establish and hold manual in-line stabilization of the head and neck

197
Q

MENTAL STATUS ASSESSMENT (AVPU)

AMS to include a Pt w/ is confused/responds only to verbal/painful stimuli/one who does not respond

A

closely asses ABC (O2nation) status

administer supp O2

198
Q

AIRWAY

Blood secretions, vomitus, other substances in mouth/airway (gugling, stridor, crowing)

A

immediately suction the airway & clear any other obstructions

199
Q

AIRWAY

OCCLUDED FROM THE TONGUE (SONOROUS SOUNDS)

A

immediately performm a head titlt, chin lift or jaw-thrust maneuver if a spine injury is suspected

200
Q

BREATHING

Inadequate respiratory rate (too slow or too fast, w/ other signs of inadequate breathing)

A

immediately begin PPV w/ supp O2 connected to the vent device

201
Q 
BREATHING
inadequate Vt (shallow breathing or poor chest rise)
A

immediately big ppv w/ supp o2 connected to the vent device

202
Q

CIRCULATION

rapid & weak pulse

A

stop any major bleeding, admin supp o2

203
Q

CIRCULATION

Carotid pulse present, but absent peripheral pulses

A

stop any major bleeding, admin supp o2

204
Q

CIRCULATION

pale, cool, clammy skin

A

stop any major bleeding, admin supp o2

205
Q

CIRCULATION

capillary refill greater than 2 seconds w/ other signs of poor perfusion

A

stop any major bleeding, admin supp o2

206
Q

CIRCULATION

major bleeding that is spurting or flowing steadily

A

stop any major bleeding, admin supp o2

207
Q

CIRCULATION

absent carotid pulse in the adult or child, absent brachial pulse in the infant

A

immediately initiate CPR, beginning w/ chest compressions, and apply aed.

208
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

poor general impress

A

(pt looks ill/severly injured)
cyanosis, pale skin, significant blood loss, multiple wounds, injuries to head, chest, abdomen, pelvis, posterior thorax, multiple extremities

209
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

unresponsive pt or pt w/ an ams who lacks a gag/cough reflex

A

this is significant because the pt cannot protect his open airway

210
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

a responsive pt who is not obeying commands

211
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

inability to establish or maintain a patent airway

212
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

a pt experiencing difficulty in breathing or who exhibits signs of respiratory distress

213
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

absent or inadequate breathing for which the pt reqs continuous ppv

214
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

a pulseless patient

215
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

uncontrolled hemorrhage / severe blood loss

216
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

a pt w/ pale cool clammy skin who you suspect is in shock (hypoperfusion)

217
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

severe chest pain w/ a systolic bp of less than 100mmHg

218
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

complicated childbirth

219
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

extremely high body temp - above 104*

220
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

signs of generalized hypothermia

221
Q

RAPID TRANSPORT

A

severe allergic reactino

222
Q

RAPID TANSPORT

A

poisoning or overdose of unknown substance

223
Q

a 2ndary assessment is performed afterthe primary assessment to identify what?

A

any addt’l injuries or conditions

224
Q

The three components of a 2ndary assessment are…?

A

physical exam
baseline v/s
Hx

225
Q

physical exams use what techniques to identify signs & symptoms?

A

inspection, palpation, auscultation

226
Q

an anatomical approach proceeds from….?

A

head to toe

227
Q

a 2ndary assessment is performed on what types of Pt’s?

A

unstable or critical/ medical or trauma

228
Q

priapism can indicate what type of injury?

A

spinal

EMT (11 decks)

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