Chapter 13 Flashcards
The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation
Genetics
The transmission of traits from one generation to the next
Heredity
Coded information in the form of hereditary units
Genes
In animals and plants(reproductive cells) the vehicles that transmit genes from one generation to the next
Gametes
(46 chromosomes) all cells of the body except the gametes and their precursors
Somatic cells
A genes specific location along the length of a chromosome
Locus
Exact copies, a single individual is the sole parent and passes copies of all its genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes
Asexual reproduction
A group of genetically identical individuals
Clone
Two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents
Sexual reproduction
A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape
Karyotype
Two chromosomes composing a pair have the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern
Homologous chromosomes
X Y chromosomes are what?
Sex chromosomes
Not a sex chromosome
Autosome
Any cell with two chromosome sets
2n
Diploid cell
Single set of chromosomes (n)
Haploid cells
