Chapter 13 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the reactivity of alkenes ?
A
- more reactive than alkanes due to pi bond
- C=C is made up of a sigma and a pi bond
2
Q
What happens in alkene addition reactions ?
A
small molecule added across the double bond, pi bond breaks, new bond forms
3
Q
What happens in the hydrogenation of alkenes ?
A
- Alkene + hydrogen + (nickel catalyst) -> Alkane
4
Q
What happens in halogenation ?
A
- Br2 or Cl2 is added to alkene to form haloalkane
- F2 is too reactive
5
Q
What happens in the additional of hydrogen halides ?
A
- alkenes reacts with hydrogen halide dissolved in water to also form haloalkane
- if alkene is liquid then hydrogen halide is bubbled through
6
Q
What is the differences between symmetrical and unsymmetrical products ?
A
7
Q
What happens in the hydration of alkenes ?
A
- alkene + water(steam) + (phosphoric acid) -> alcohol
- this can form symmetrical and unsymmetrical products.
8
Q
What happens in the hydration of alkenes ?
A
- alkene + water(steam) + (phosphoric acid) -> alcohol
- this can form symmetrical and unsymmetrical products.
9
Q
What is an electrophilic addition reaction ?
A
- the double bond in an alkene represents a region of high electron density due to pi electrons
- high electron density attracts electrophiles
- electrophile - an atom that is attracted to an electron rich centre and accepts an electron pair, usually positive ions, or molecule with a partial + charge
10
Q
What does the mechanism of electrophilic addition look like ?
A
- the + carbon is a carbocation
11
Q
What is the mechanism for bromination ?
A
