Chapter 13 Flashcards
1
Q
- Auditory System
Which of the following occurs with aging of the auditory system?
a. an increase in the absolute threshold for hearing pure tones and speech
b. a decrease in the differential threshold for discriminating sounds and speech
c. a and b
d. a, b, and c
A
a. an increase in the absolute threshold for hearing pure tones and speech
2
Q
- Visual System
A newborn’s level of acuity is closest to which of the following?
a. 1%, or 20/2,000
b. 5%, or 20/400
c. 20%, or 20/100
A
b. 5%, or 20/400
3
Q
- Kinesthetic System
There is an age-related trend to improve in localizing touches on the hands and arms over which age range?
a. infancy
b. early childhood
c. late childhood
d. early adolescence
A
b. early childhood
4
Q
- Visual System 2
Which of the following could help infants perceive depth?
a. retinal disparity
b. motion parallax
c. shape constancy
d. a and b
e. a and c
A
d. a and b
5
Q
- Visual System 3
Which of the following is true of motion perception in infants under 8 weeks of age?
a. Motion can be perceived.
b. Direction of motion can be perceived.
c. Speed of motion can be perceived, but thresholds for detection are higher than in adults.
d. a and b
e. a and c
A
e. a and c
6
Q
- Auditory System 2
Infants’ hearing is near adult levels, even for high-frequency sounds, by 6 months of age.
a. True
b. False
A
a. True
7
Q
- Auditory System 3
Newborns can hear an average nearby speaking voice.
a. True
b. False
A
a. True
8
Q
- Kinesthetic System 2
All older adults have decreased sensitivity to skin temperature and pain with aging.
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
9
Q
- Kinesthetic System 3
At birth, infants can locate touches to the face, especially around the mouth.
a. True
b. False
A
a. True
10
Q
- Kinesthetic System 4
The kinesthetic receptors begin functioning after birth.
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
11
Q
- Perception
Perception is the neural activity triggered by an environmental stimulus that activates a sensory receptor and results in nerve impulses traveling to the brain.
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
12
Q
- Visual System 4
Many older adults maintain their depth perception, but the number who fail depth perception tests is higher than the number of young adults who fail depth perception tests.
a. True
b. False
A
a. True
13
Q
- Visual System 5
By 8 to 9 years of age, children’s whole-and-part perception attains near-adult levels.
a. True
b. False
A
a. True
14
Q
- Visual System 6
Infants do not demonstrate size constancy until approximately 1 year of age.
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
15
Q
- Visual System 7
Just several days after birth, infants can perceive their mothers’ faces.
a. True
b. False
A
a. True
16
Q
- Visual System 8
Children learn to perceive directional extremes of spatial orientation at the same time they perceive intermediate orientations (various angles and diagonals).
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
17
Q
- Kinesthetic System 5
Only one-third of 6-year-olds can identify (label) the major body parts.
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
18
Q
- Intermodal Perception
Children find it easier to integrate two temporal stimuli than two spatial stimuli or one temporal with one spatial stimulus.
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
19
Q
- Body Part Dominance
The asymmetries in hand use demonstrated during infancy predict which hand will be dominant in adulthood.
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
20
Q
- Body Part Dominance 2
Pure dominance (i.e., having the eye, ear, hand, and foot on the same side of the body as dominant) is necessary for proper neurological organization.
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
21
Q
- Auditory System 4
Newborns can turn in the direction of a sound, demonstrating they perceive sound direction, but we know little about their perception of sound distance.
a. True
b. False
A
a. True
22
Q
- Intermodal Perception 2
When integrating visual and auditory information, children find tasks in which the auditory information is presented first and visual information second to be easier than the opposite types of tasks.
a. True
b. False
A
b. False
23
Q
- Intermodal Perception 3
On visual-kinesthetic perception tasks, children find the task more difficult if the information is presented first in the kinesthetic sense.
a. True
b. False
A
a. True
24
Q
- Kinesthetic System 6
By age 6, children can methodically explore objects with their hands, sight unseen.
a. True
b. False
A
a. True
25
25. Intermodal Perception 4
Visual-kinesthetic intermodal perception in infants is probably linked to the ability to systematically manipulate objects.
a. True
b. False
a. True
26
26. Auditory System 5
Older adults with poor speech discrimination often have poor sound localization.
a. True
b. False
a. True
27
27. Intermodal Perception 5
Newborns move their eyes in the direction of a sound.
a. True
b. False
a. True
28
28. Auditory System 6
By 12 months of age, infants can perceive changes in frequency patterns only if the length of the patterned sequence is short and simple.
a. True
b. False
b. False
29
29. Auditory System 7
By 12 months of age, infants can perceive temporal patterns.
a. True
b. False
a. True
30
30. Auditory System 8
Infants cannot discriminate between basic speed sounds until 2 years of age.
a. True
b. False
b. False
31
31. Auditory System 9
The sound patterns to which we are exposed in infancy might be the basis for cultural preferences for certain types of music.
a. True
b. False
a. True
32
32. Intermodal Perception and Aging
The gradual loss of accommodative power with aging that results in difficulty seeing nearby objects (including print) clearly is called ____________.
Presbyopia
33
33. Visual System 9
The ability to see an object of interest as distinct from the background is termed ____________.
Figure and Ground Perception
34
34. Perception and Motor Development Theory
J.J. Gibson maintained that we can understand perception only by viewing the individual and the environment as a(n) ____________.
Ecosystem
35
35. Intermodal Perception 6
Retinal disparity helps people perceive ____________.
Depth
36
36. Intermodal Perception 7
The ability to project the body's spatial dimensions into surrounding space and understand spatial concepts about object movement and location is termed ____________.
Directionality
37
37. Visual System10
The ability to discriminate parts of a picture or object from the whole or to integrate parts into a whole is termed ____________.
Whole and Part Perception
38
38. Visual System11
To help see objects as objects, we detect edges and classify them according to whether or not they are ____________.
Boundaries
39
39. Kinesthetic System 7
The component of body awareness with which people perceive they have two distinct sides is termed ____________.
Laterality
40
40. Intermodal Perception 8
If we present a child with an object behind a screen so it can be manipulated but not seen, and subsequently ask the child which of three seen objects was manipulated, we are observing ____________ intermodal perception.
Kinesthetic Visual
41
44. Kinesthetic System 8
The somatosensors that play the major role in position and movement sense are the _____________, and the somatosensors that play a secondary role are the ____________.
Proprioception; Exteroception
42
45. Kinesthetic System 9
Improvements in kinesthetic acuity continue into adolescence.
a. True
b. False
a. True
43
46. Kinesthetic System10
Infants under 30 months who try to fit their bodies into spaces that are too small are making ______________.
Risk Assessment Error
44
47. Kinesthetic System11
Some older adults experience a deterioration in both proprioceptive sensitivity and proprioceptive acuity.
a. True
b. False
a. True
45
48. Auditory System10
Damage to the cochlear hair cells from exposure to loud and chronic noise can be repaired by avoiding such loud and chronic noise.
a. True
b. False
b. False
46
49. Intermodal Perception11
Infants demonstrate some level of visual-auditory integration early in the first year of life.
a. True
b. False
a. True
