Chapter 13 Flashcards
In the 1820s and the 1830s, the public’s attitude regarding political parties
reflected growing acceptance of the wild contentiousness of political life
The so called Era of Good Feelings was never entirely tranquil, but even the illusion of national consensus was shattered by the
Panic of 1819 and the Missouri Compromise of 1820
The presidential election of 1824
was the first one to see the election of a minority president
Andrew Jackson…
finished first in the popular vote but lost in the House of Representatives
Henry Clay…
threw his support to the winning candidate, inspiring charges of a “corrupt bargain”
John Quincy Adams…
was elected president by the House of Represenatives despite his weak popular appeal
William Crawford…
finished third in the electoral vote but was eliminated by illness
The House of Representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when
no candidate received a majority of the vote in the Electoral College
People in the West tended to prefer Andrew Jackson in the 1824 election because he
campaigned against the forces of corruption and privilege in government
John Quincy Adams, elected president in 1825, was charged by his political opponents with having struck a “corrupt bargain” when he appointed ______ to become ______.
Henry Clay, Secretary of State
John Quincy Adams could be described as
possessing almost none of the arts of the politician
Andrew Jackson’s Democratic political philosophy was based on his
suspicion of the federal government
Andrew Jackson’s inauguration as president symbolized the
newly won ascendency of the masses
The purpose behind the spoils system was
to reward political supporters with public office
The spoils system under Andrew Jackson resulted in
the appointment of many corrupt and incompetent officials to federal jobs
Writing about his observations of America and Americans as he traveled across the United States, the Frenchmen Alexis de Tocqueville was most struck by
the general equality of condition among the people
Opposing the Tariff of 1828, Southerners labeled it a “Yankee Tariff” because
the tariff protected New England manufacturing at their expense
John C. Calhoun’s South Carolina Exposition was an argument for
states’ rights
The South Carolina state legislature, after the election of 1832
declared the existing tariff null and void in South Carolina
The Force Bill of 1833 provided that the
President could use the army and navy to collect federal tariff duties
The person most responsible for defusing the tariff controversy that began in 1828 was
Henry Clay
In response to South Carolina’s nullification of the Tariff of 1828, Andrew Jackson
dispatched naval and military forces to the state while denouncing nullification
The nullification crisis started by South Carolina over the Tariff of 1828 ended when
Congress passed the compromise Tariff of 1833
Andrew Jackson’s administration supported the removal of Native Americans from the eastern states because
whites wanted the Indians’ lands
The policy of the Jackson administration toward the eastern Indian tribes was
forced removal
One of the positive aspects of the Bank of the United States
was the depository of the funds of the national government
While in existence, the second Bank of the United States
was the depository of the funds of the national government
Andrew Jackson based his veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States on
the fact that he found the bill harmful to the nation as well as unconstitutional
The Anti-Masonic party of 1832 appealed to
American suspicions of secret societies
Innovations in the election of 1832 included
adoption of written party platforms
One of the main reasons Andrew Jackson decided to weaken the Bank of the United States after the 1832 election was
his fear that Nicholas Biddle might try to manipulate the bank to force its recharter
The cement that held the Whig party together in its formative days was
hatred of Andrew Jackson
The Whigs hoped to win the 1836 election by
forcing the election into the House of Represenatives
Americans moved into Texas
after an agreement was concluded between Mexican authorities and Stephen Austin
Texans won their independence as a result of the victory over Mexican armies at the Battle of
San Jacinto
Texas gained its independence with
help from Americans
Spanish authorities allowed Moses Austin to settle in Texas because
they believed that Austin and his settlers might be able to civilize the territory
One reason for the Anglo-Texan rebellion against Mexican rule was that the
Anglo-Texans wanted to break away from a government that had grown too authoritarian
President Jackson and Van Buren hesitated to extend recognition to and to annex the new Texas Republic because
antislavery groups in the US opposed the expansion of slavery
Most of the early American settlers in Texas came from
the South and Southwest
The “Tippecanoe” in the Whigs’ 1840 campaign slogan was
William Harrison
William Henry Harrison, the Whig party’s presidential candidate in 1840, was
made to look like a poor western farmer
Both the Democratic Party and the Whig party
were mass-based political parties
The two political parties of the Jacksonian era tended to
be socially and geographically diverse
Nulllification Crisis (1832-1833)
Showdown between Jackson and the South Carolina legislature, which declared the 1832 tariff null and void in the state and threatened secession if the federal gov. tried to collect duties. was resolved by a compromise negotiated by Henry Clay
Spoils System
policy of rewarding political supporters with public office.The practice was widely abused by unscrupulous office seekers, but it also helped cement party loyalty in the emerging two-party system
New Democracy
Got more people involved in the government. There were fewer voter restrictions and voter turnout increased (all white men could vote)
