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Psychology Test 2 > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

Social Psychology

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1
Q

Social Thinking

A

how we think in relation to other people

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2
Q

Social Influence

A

how others influence out thinking and actions

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3
Q

Antisocial and Prosocial Behaviour

A

how we treat and relate to each other

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4
Q

Attribution Theory

A

conclusion about why a observed behaviour/event happens

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5
Q

Two Types of Attributions

A

Situational (something is causing you to act like that) and Dispositional (that’s just who you are)

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6
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

we tend to focus on the person, not the situation

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7
Q

Individualistic Cultures

A

personality is stable

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8
Q

Collective Cultures

A

personality is fluid

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9
Q

Attitudes

A

how we respond to an event, object, or person

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10
Q

ABC Model of Attitudes

A

Affective (emotions), Behaviour (experiences and actions), Cognitive (beliefs)

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11
Q

Foot-in-the-door Phenomenon

A

giving a smaller request first

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12
Q

Stanford Prison Study Conclusion

A

it’s the environment that makes people act cruel

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13
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

tension happens so we’re going to do something to reduce it

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14
Q

Tension

A

when our attitude and behaviour is inconsistent or opposing

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15
Q

How do we reduce tension (3 ways) - Chickens Eat Turkeys

A

1) change original attitude
2) explain why you’re doing the behaviour (reduce inconsistency)
3) trivialize the importance of the behaviour/attitude (make it less important)

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16
Q

Insufficient Justification

A

people are more likely to engage in a behaviour that contradicts their attitude when given a smaller award than a bigger

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17
Q

Types of Conformity

A

Compliance: privately disagree, publicly follow (Asch’s researchers picking the wrong line)
Obedience: follow direct orders from authority (Milligram’s electrocuting)

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18
Q

Reasons for Conforming

A

1) Normative social influence (belonging approval)
2) Informational social influence (willingness to accept others opinions about reality i.e. what side of the road to drive on)

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19
Q

Anti-social Relations

A

why people think/behave negatively towards each other

20
Q

Components of Prejudice (I EAT EVERY PICKLE)

A

1) Implicit beliefs
2) Explicit beliefs (stereotypes)
3) Emotions
4) Pre-dispositions (acting discriminatory)

21
Q

Social Inequality

A

when some groups have more resources and opportunities

22
Q

Roots of Prejudice (give me one SEC)

A

1) Social (us vs. them mentalities)
2) Emotional (frustration, attack others for own problems)
3) Cognitive (categorize people into groups)

23
Q

In-group Bias

A

need to belong

24
Q

Scapegoat Theory

A

find someone else to blame

25
Q

Cognitive Roots (SAF)

A

see, assumer, form (stereotypes, judging based on vivid cases i.e. 9/11)

26
Q

Just-World Fallacy

A

people get what they deserve

27
Q

Implication

A

Rich: earned their way
Poor: did something to deserve it

28
Q

Prosocial Behaviour

A

behaviour intended to benefit other people

29
Q

Why do we help? (SILLY SAM EATS MUD)

A

1) Social exchange (transactional = dopamine or rewards)
2) Social norms (societies expectations)
3) Evolutionary psychology (to ensure survival and favours are returned)
4) Modeling (observing others)

30
Q

What influences helping behaviour? (MARTA ATE THE SANDWICH)

A

Modeling helpfulness, attractiveness, time pressures (are you in a hurry, similarity (more empathy)

31
Q

Bystander Intervention

A

see something, say something

32
Q

Door-in-the-face Technique

A

making a large request first

33
Q

What Psychological Factors Bring People Together? (PRETTY PLEASE SAM)

A

1) Proximity
2) Physical Attractiveness
3) Similarity

34
Q

The Mere Exposure Effect

A

you are more attracted to someone you’ve seen a lot

35
Q

Self-Disclosure

A

revealing intimate aspects of oneself

36
Q

Social Facilitation

A

people perform better in the presence of others

37
Q

Social Loafing

A

putting in less effort when you’re in a group than when you’re by yourself

38
Q

deindividuation

A

when in a group people don’t act like themselves (mobs, gangs, cults)

39
Q

Groupthink

A

making a decision that is there to not hurt anyones feelings, even if it has consequences

40
Q

Empathy

A

sharing feelings with others

41
Q

Group Polarization

A

when groups make more extreme decisions than they would if they were by themselves

42
Q

normative social influence

A

when a person conforms to be accepted into a group

43
Q

peripheral social influence

A

when someone is persuaded by something that is not the central argument

44
Q

informational social influence

A

when a person conforms to gain knowledge, or because they believe the person is ‘right’

45
Q

altruism

A

the concern for the well-being of others

Psychology Test 2 (2 decks)

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