Chapter 13 Flashcards
Who was named Viceroy for Portugal in Orient
Albuquerque
Who explored Newfoundland for England
Cabot
Who explored the Southwestern section of America
Coronado
Who was the leader of the Aztecs
Montezuma
Who was the very first person to round the southern tip of Africa
Dias
Who was the Englishman that explored the New York area for the Dutch
Henry Hudson
Who journeyed for four years to get to China and wrote a book peaking interest in exploration
Marco Polo
Who explored the upper Mississippi River for France
Marquette and Joliet
Which conquistador defeated the Incas
Francisco Pizarro
What is the distance North or South of the equator
Latitude
What was a small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th-17th centuries
Caravel
What is a voyage around the world
Circumnavigation
What is a Spanish conqueror of the Americas
Conquistador
What is an economic system based on a private ownership of capital
Capitalism
What was a company that allowed people to invest money and recorded the amount with a certificate
Joint-stock company
What is a supply of money
Capitol
Which country had a monopoly on the trade routes leading to the Orient
Italians
What was the boundary between Spanish and Portuguese territories in the New World
Line of Demarcation
Who were the highly advanced civilization that flourished in the Yucatán Peninsula from the 4th-10th centuries
Mayan
What civilization founded the walled city of Tenochtitlan
Aztecs
What we’re two advantages of conquistadors
Horses and Firearms
Who was the Roman Catholic friar who opposed cruel treatment of Indians by Spaniards in the New World
Las Casas
Who discovered the Mississippi River
Hernan do de Soto
Who was the first great French explorer in the New World
Cartier
Who was the Father of New France and the founder of Quebec
Samuel de Champlain
What was the first permanent English settlement in North America
Jamestown
What was a major reason for the decline of Portugal
The inability to defend and administer Brazil
Explain mercantilism
Dominant economic system of the Age of Exploration; belief that strength of a nation rested on wealth; goal was to get as much precious metal as possible
Why did Spain stop exploring North America
The found no gold
How did Spain feel about the Natives of their colonies
Not great; they were cruel
At first, which country was more friendly to Europeans than China
Japan
What was the Commercial Revolution
The new idea that the ownership of land was no longer considered the basis of wealth
What were the problems with obtaining luxury items from Asia and transporting them through the Middle East
Rough terrain; charge for passing through land; the Ottomans gained control of the Middle East destroying trade posts; Italians held monopoly on Oriental trade
Who was the made up African Christian king that wanted to help Europeans win their fight against Muslims
Prestor John
What we’re three European motivators for exploration
Gold, God, Glory
Who was the conquistador that defeated the Aztecs
Hernando Cortez
Who was the Italian the sailed for King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
Christopher Columbus
Who was the Prince of Portugal that established a navigation school and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal’s colonial empire
Prince Henry the Navigator
Who was the Portuguese explorer who was the first EUROPEAN to sail around the tip of Africa
Ferdinand Magellan
What is the term developed during the age of exploration that described and insurance company
Underwriter
What country founded and claimed Quebec
France
What country conquered Mexico
Spain
Which country explored and colonized Newfoundland
England
What country founded and claimed New York
The Netherlands
Who was the Incan ruler
Atahualpa
Who was the first European to see the Pacific Ocean
Balboa
Who established a trading post in India
Pedro Cabral
Who was the leader of Jamestown
John Smith
What tools made exploration possible
Map, compass, astrolabe, caravel
