CHAPTER 1.3

Question 1

Before Virtualization

Answer 1

• Runs single OS per machine at a time
• Software is dependent on hardware
• May have conflicts when multiple applications run
  on the same machine
• Underutilizes resources
• Is inflexible and expensive

Question 2

After Virtualization

Answer 2

• Runs multiple OS per physical machine
  concurrently
• Makes OS and applications hardware independent
• Isolates VM from each other, thus no conflict
• Improves resource utilization
• Offers flexible infrastructure at low cost

Question 3

Server Virtualization

Answer 3

Virtualization refers to the creation of a virtual resource such
as a server, desktop, operating system, file, storage or
network.

Question 4

Server Virtualization

Answer 4

The hypervisor layer runs directly on the system hardware.

Question 5

Server Virtualization

Answer 5

Allows multiple OS to run on a physical server simultaneously

Question 6

Benefits of Virtualization

Answer 6

Establish or expand a private cloud environment.
* Increase hardware utilization.
* Improve business continuity.
* Establish a centralized desktop strategy.
* Increase efficiency in development and test activities.

Question 7

The following are top server virtualization product

Answer 7

Amazon Web Services - Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)
* Vmware – Vsphere
* Microsoft - Hyper-V
Red Hat - Enterprise Virtualization (RHEV)

Question 8

Server Virtualization Features

Answer 8

Automation of virtual machine provisioning
* Ability to centrally control and optimize the virtual
machine environment
* Ability to backup running virtual machines without
interrupting service

Question 9

Type I Virtualization (native or bare metal)

Answer 9

Hypervisor layer interacts directly with the computer’s physical hardware for better
performance.
* No host operating system required
* Individual virtual machines have their own OS and accesses hardware through the
hypervisor
* Parent partition creates and manages the child partitions

Question 10

examples of Type 1 virtualization

Answer 10

VMWare ESXi, Zen & Hyper-V (bare metal)

Question 11

Type II Virtualization (Hosted)

Answer 11

Requires a Host operating system
* A virtual hardware environment is created for each VM with OS installed.
* The host OS shares access to the computer’s processor with the hypervisor
* Does not provide the same performance as separate physical computers

Question 12

examples of type II virtualization

Answer 12

VMWare Workstation, Parallel Desktop and Linux KVM

Question 13

Hyper-v

Answer 13

Hyper-V is Microsoft implementation of server virtualization

Question 14

Hyper-v

Answer 14

It allows running of multiple operating systems on a physical
server simultaneously.
* Gives virtual machine guests direct access to the host’s
hardware

Question 15

Possible integration services:

Answer 15

Operating system shutdown
* Time synchronization
* Data exchange
(file interoperability)

Question 16

Dynamically
expanding

Answer 16

The disk starts with a small size and expands on
demand.
* It can grow to the maximum size.

Question 17

Fixed size

Answer 17

The size of the VHD file is fixed to the size when
created.
* Faster than a dynamically expanding disk
* Disk uses up the maximum defined space
immediately

Question 18

Differencing

Answer 18

Disk is linked to another disk (Parent disk)
* Disks include only the differences from parent disk.
* Can save disk space.
* Suitable for multiple virtual machines with similar OS.

Question 19

Physical (or
pass through
disk)

Answer 19

The virtual machine receives direct access to the
physical disk for exclusive use.
* Provides the highest performance of all disk types
* The drive is not available for other guest systems.

Question 20

Private switch

Answer 20

Enable communication between
virtual machines on the same host

Question 21

internal switch

Answer 21

Enable communication between
* VMs on the same host
* VMs to host computer

Question 22

External switch

Answer 22

VM communicates via physical
network adapter
* Allows communication to external
servers

Question 23

Check Points (Snapshots)

Answer 23

A Hyper-V checkpoint is an encapsulation of a running
VM’s state, data, and hardware configuration.