Chapter 13

Question 1

Evolutionary Account of Violence

Answer 1

-physical aggression to protect their children promotes inclusive fitness for men.

Question 2

Simplistic Reasoning and Rhetoric

Answer 2

-Engage in complex reasoning and rhetoric, take multiple viewpoints into consideration, and resist blaming one side or the other.

Question 3

Media Violence

Answer 3

-Participants shown aggressive film clips in the lab behaved more aggressively afterwards than those shown non-aggressive clips
-The amount of violent tv viewed at age 8 predicts the likelihood of being involved in serious criminal activity at age 30

Question 4

Dehumanization

Answer 4

-Tendency to attribute nonhuman characteristics to outgroup members
-ex. referring to them as dogs, rats, pigs, etc.

Question 5

Situational Determinants of Aggression

Answer 5

-heat
-Media
-Social Rejection
-Income Inequality

Question 6

Culture of Honor

Answer 6

-A culture that is defined by its members’ strong concern about their own and others’ reputations
-the South is the best example of a “culture of honor.”

Question 7

Income Inequality

Answer 7

-Americans constructed ideal wealth distributions that were far more equitable than even their erroneously low estimates.
-High Income Inequality, more likely
To be:
- murdered, assaulted, raped
Children bullied

Question 8

Hostile Aggression

Answer 8

-Motivated by anger, hostility, or genuinely wanting to hurt the other person

Question 9

Instrumental Aggression

Answer 9

-Motivated by something other than hostility, like wanting to get attention

Question 10

Rape-prone culture

Answer 10

-a culture in which rape tends to be used as an act of war against enemy women, as a ritual act, or as a threat against women to keep them subservient to men

Question 11

Inclusive fitness

Answer 11

-he fitness of an individual based on reproductive success and the passing on of genes to future generations