Chapter 123: Management of Thyroid Neoplasms

Question 1

Forebearer of the thyroid MEDIAL anlage:

Answer 1

ventral diverticulum of the endoderm from the first and second pharyngeal pouches.

Question 2

Forebearer of the thyroid LATERAL primordia:

Answer 2

fourth and fifth pharyngeal pouches

Question 3

Usual dimensions of thyroid lobe

Answer 3

4 cm in height

1.5 cm in width

2 cm in depth

Question 4

Superior pole lies posterior to what structure?

lies lateral to what structureS?

Answer 4

Posterior to STERNOTHYROID

Lateral to
1. INFERIOR CONSTRICTOR MUSCLE

2. POSTERIOR THYROID LAMINA

Question 5

Inferior pole extends up to level of what tracheal ring?

Answer 5

6th

Question 6

% of patients with pyramidal lobe

Answer 6

40%

Question 7

What fascial layer/s condense to form the posterior suspensory ligament?

Answer 7

MIDDLE layer of the DEEP cervical fascia

Question 8

What is the purpose of the Berry ligament?

Answer 8

connects lboes of the thyroid cartilage and first two tracheal rings

Question 9

relationship of the inferior thyroid artery to the recurrent laryngeal nerve in approximately 70% of patients

Answer 9

ITA lies ANTERIOR to RLN

Question 10

ITA is a branch of the _____

Answer 10

thyrocervical trunk

Question 11

STA is a branch of the _____

Answer 11

external carotid artery

Question 12

STA lies _______ to the External branch of the RLN

Answer 12

posterolateral

Question 13

Primary blood supply for parathyroid glands

Answer 13

Inferior thyroid artery

Question 14

Thyroid surgeon should be aware of this artery that occasionally arises from the midline.

From what arteries may it orginate?

Answer 14

THYROIDEA IMA

Carotid
Innominate
Aortic arch

Question 15

RLN innervates:

Answer 15

MOTOR: all intrinsic laryngeal musculature except cricothyroid

SENSORY: sensory function to upper trachea, subglottic area

Question 16

right RLN loops around what structure?

left RLN loops around what structure?

Answer 16

RIGHT: subclavian artery

LEFT: arch of aorta

Question 17

Internal branch of SLN supplies sensation to:

Answer 17

Supraglottis

Question 18

relationship of SLN to superior thyroid pedicle

Answer 18

Diverges from superior thyroid pedicle about 1 cm from the thyroid superior pole

Question 19

Superior parathyroid forebearer:

Inferior parathyroid forebearer:

Answer 19

Superior: FOURTH pharyngeal pouch

Inferior: THIRD pharyngeal pouch

Question 20

Location of Superior Parathyroid glands:

Inferior parathyroid glands:

Answer 20

Superior: level of CRICOID cartilage; medial to INTERSECTION of RLN and ITA; lateral or posterior surface of lower pole

Question 21

How to differentiate parathyroid gland from fat:

Answer 21

Tan: parathyroid
Fat: yellow

with trauma: glands can become mahogany in color