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Science 8 > Chapter 12.1 - 12.3 > Flashcards

Chapter 12.1 - 12.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the frame of reference?

A

It refers to something that is not moving with respect to an observer that can be used to detect motion.

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2
Q

What is motion?

A

A change in position

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3
Q

How is motion related to frame of reference?

A

Motion’s perception depends on a person’s frame of reference

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4
Q

How do you measure distance?

A

Maps are often used to measure distance.

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5
Q

How do you represent direction?

A

A vector can be used to measure direction?

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6
Q

What is distance?

A

It is the length of the route between two points.

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7
Q

What is the SI unit for distance?

A

Meter

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8
Q

When would motion be a vector quantity?

A

When both distance and direction are considered.

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9
Q

How are short distance measured?

A

In centimeters

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10
Q

How are long distances measured?

A

In kilometers

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11
Q

What is a vector?

A

It is a quantity that includes both size and direction

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12
Q

How is a vector represented by?

A

It is represented by an arrow

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13
Q

What does the length of the arrow represent?

A

Distance

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14
Q

What does the way the arrow point represent?

A

Direction

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15
Q

What is a scalar?

A

Magnitude

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16
Q

What is magnitude and direction?

A

Vector

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17
Q

What does delta mean?

A

Change in

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18
Q

How do you calculate speed of a moving object?

A

Speed=distance/time

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19
Q

What is speed?

A

It is an important aspect of motion and it is a measure of how fast or slow something moves

20
Q

What does speed depend on?

A

It depends on how far something travels and how long it takes to travel that far.

21
Q

What is the SI unit for speed?

A

Meters per second (m/s)

22
Q

What is instantaneous speed?

A

It is the speed of a moving object at a given instant

23
Q

What is easier to calculate speed than instantaneous speed?

A

Average speed

24
Q

What is average speed?

A

It is the total distance traveled divided by the total time it took to travel that distance

25
Q

How do you calculate average speed?

A

△d d⒡ - d⒤
⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ = ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
△t t⒡ - t⒤

change in distance over change in time

26
Q

What does the distance-time graph represent?

A

Motion of an object

27
Q

What is the speed of an object represented by on a distance-time graph?

A

It is represented by the slope or steepness of the graph line

28
Q

What is velocity?

A

It is the measure of both speed and direction

29
Q

How is velocity different from speed?

A

Speed only tells us how fast or slow an object is moving, but velocity tells us both the measure of speed and direction.

30
Q

Velocity is also what?

A

Velocity is also a vector.

31
Q

What can velocity (that is a vector) be represented with?

A

An arrow

32
Q

How do you calculate the average velocity?

A

displacement d⒡ - d⒤
⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ = ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
time time

33
Q

What is acceleration?

A

It is the measure of the change in velocity of a moving object

34
Q

What does acceleration show?

A

It shows how quickly velocity changes

35
Q

Why acceleration a vector?

A

It includes both size (speed) and direction

36
Q

What can acceleration reflect a change in?

A

It may reflect a change on speed, direction, or even both

37
Q

What is negative acceleration?

A

Deceleration

38
Q

A change in direction without a change in speed is…?

A

Acceleration

39
Q

When is calculating acceleration complicated?

A

When both speed and direction are changing

40
Q

When is it easier to calculate acceleration?

A

When only speed is changing

41
Q

How can you calculate acceleration without a change in direction?

A

You just divide the change in velocity by the change in time

42
Q

What is the formula for calculating acceleration?

A

△v v⒡ - v⒤
⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ = ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
△t time

43
Q

What is a velocity-time graph?

A

It represents the acceleration of an object

44
Q

What does a velocity-time graph show?

A

It shows how velocity changes over time

45
Q

What is the difference between a velocity-time graph and a distance-time graph?

A

It is basically the same except for the y-axis (It shows velocity instead of distance

46
Q

In a velocity-time graph how or where is acceleration shown?

A

It is shown by the slope of the graph line

Science 8 (2 decks)

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