Chapter 12 vocab.

Question 1

oasis

Answer 1

is a wet, fertile area in a desert.

Question 2

caravan

Answer 2

is a group of traders that travel together.

Question 3

Muhammad

Answer 3

founder of Islam, he spread Islam’s teachings to the people of Arabia. His teachings make up the Qu’ran.

Question 4

Islam

Answer 4

The messages Muhammad received form the basis of the religion called Islam.

Question 5

Muslim

Answer 5

A follower of Islam is called a Muslim.

Question 6

Qur’an

Answer 6

The holy book of Islam.

Question 7

pilgrimage

Answer 7

A journey to a sacred place.

Question 8

mosque

Answer 8

or building for Muslim prayer.

Question 9

jihad

Answer 9

which means “to make an effort, or to struggle.”

Question 10

Sunnah

Answer 10

refers to the way Muhammad lived, which provides a model for the duties and the way of life expected of Muslims.

Question 11

Five Pillars of Islam

Answer 11

which are five acts of worship required of all Muslims.

Question 12

Abu Bakr

Answer 12

leader of Islam after Muhammad died.

Question 13

caliph

Answer 13

a title that Muslims use for the highest leader of Islam.

Question 14

tolerance

Answer 14

or acceptance.

Question 15

Janissaries

Answer 15

slave soldiers, called Janissaries, converted to Islam and before fierce warriors.

Question 16

Mehmed ||

Answer 16

Ottoman leader.

Question 17

Suleyman |

Answer 17

leader of the Ottoman Empire.

Question 18

Shia

Answer 18

were Muslims who thought that only Muhammad’s descendants could become caliphs.

Question 19

Sunni

Answer 19

didn’t think caliphs had to be related to Muhammad.

Question 20

Ibn Battutah

Answer 20

explorer

Question 21

Sufism

Answer 21

Others focused on spiritual issues, leading to a movement called Sufism.

Question 22

Omar Khayyam

Answer 22

Most famous Sufi poet.

Question 23

patrons

Answer 23

sponsors

Question 24

minaret

Answer 24

or narrow tower from where Muslims are called to prayer.

Question 25

calligraphy

Answer 25

or decorative writing.