Chapter 12- The Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Cancer Flashcards
Checkpoints in the cell cycle control system:
regulate the cell cycle through a variety of stop and go signals
How does the process of mitosis differ between most eukaryotes and other eukaryotes such as diatoms and dinoflagellates?
The nuclear envelope fragments in most eukaryotes but remains intact in diatoms and dinoflagellates
The region of a chromosome holding the two double strands of replicated DNA together is called:
a centromere
You would know a dividing cell was a plant cell rather than an animal cell if you saw that…
it had formed a cell plate
In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during which stage of the cell cycle?
Cytokinesis
Which of the following events does NOT occur during prophase of mitosis?
Mitotic spindle breaks down
One event occurring during prophase is…
The beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus
Where is DNA replicated?
During the S phase of interphase, which occurs between the two G phases
What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?
Cells of benign tumors do not metastasize; those of malignant tumors do
During interphase, the genetic material of a typical eukaryotic cell is…
Dispersed in the nucleus as long strands of chromatin
During binary fission in a bacterium…
the origins of replication move apart
Which of the following events occurs during telophase of mitosis?
Two distinct daughter nuclei form in the cell
What structures is/are part of the mitotic spindle?
- nonkinetochore microtubules
- kinetochore microtubules
- the aster
- centrosome
A cell contains 40 chromatids at the beginning of mitosis. How many chromosomes will it contain at the completion of cytokinesis?
20
DNA replication occurs in:
the S phase of interphase in both somatic and reproductive cells
Which of the following events occurs during metaphase of mitosis?
The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate of the cell
Cytokinesis refers to
division of the cytoplasm
What events occur during anaphase?
- The centrioles are at opposite poles
- The centromeres divide
- A spindle made of microtubules is present
- Identical chromatids move to opposite poles
Which of the following events occurs during prometaphase of mitosis?
The nuclear envelope fragments
Which of the following phases of mitosis is essentially the opposite of prometaphase in terms of the nuclear envelope?
Telophase
What events occur during interphase of the cell cycle?
- Growth of the cell
- Production of the endoplasmic reticulum
- Protein production
- Production of new mitochondria
- Duplication of the chromosomes
The spread of cancer cells to other locations in the body is known as:
Metastasis
The function of the mitotic cell cycle is to produce daughter cell that…
are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming no mutation has occurred)
Chromatids are:
identical copies of each other if they are part of the same chromosome
How many chromatids does a human somatic cell contain after interphase and just prior to mitosis?
92
Observation of cancer cells in culture support the hypothesis that cancer cells…
Do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition
Which of the following events occurs during anaphase of mitosis?
The sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite sides of the cell.
The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is property called:
Chromatin
Which of the following statements describes a cell that undergoes mitosis but not cytokinesis?
The cell contains more than one nucleus
Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference(s) between mitosis and binary fission?
Binary fission involves the replication and division of a single chromosome, whereas mitosis involves the division of multiple, replicated chromosomes
How many sister chromatids are present in the early telophase of mitosis?
Zero. By telophase, the duplicated sister chromatids have already been separated in anaphase (PMAT)
