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BIOK-101 (Dr.Marrs) Ch. 11-16 > Chapter 12- The Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Cancer > Flashcards

Chapter 12- The Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Cancer Flashcards

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1
Q

Checkpoints in the cell cycle control system:

A

regulate the cell cycle through a variety of stop and go signals

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2
Q

How does the process of mitosis differ between most eukaryotes and other eukaryotes such as diatoms and dinoflagellates?

A

The nuclear envelope fragments in most eukaryotes but remains intact in diatoms and dinoflagellates

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3
Q

The region of a chromosome holding the two double strands of replicated DNA together is called:

A

a centromere

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4
Q

You would know a dividing cell was a plant cell rather than an animal cell if you saw that…

A

it had formed a cell plate

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5
Q

In animal cell mitosis, the cleavage furrow forms during which stage of the cell cycle?

A

Cytokinesis

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6
Q

Which of the following events does NOT occur during prophase of mitosis?

A

Mitotic spindle breaks down

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7
Q

One event occurring during prophase is…

A

The beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus

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8
Q

Where is DNA replicated?

A

During the S phase of interphase, which occurs between the two G phases

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9
Q

What is the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?

A

Cells of benign tumors do not metastasize; those of malignant tumors do

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10
Q

During interphase, the genetic material of a typical eukaryotic cell is…

A

Dispersed in the nucleus as long strands of chromatin

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11
Q

During binary fission in a bacterium…

A

the origins of replication move apart

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12
Q

Which of the following events occurs during telophase of mitosis?

A

Two distinct daughter nuclei form in the cell

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13
Q

What structures is/are part of the mitotic spindle?

A
  • nonkinetochore microtubules
  • kinetochore microtubules
  • the aster
  • centrosome
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14
Q

A cell contains 40 chromatids at the beginning of mitosis. How many chromosomes will it contain at the completion of cytokinesis?

A

20

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15
Q

DNA replication occurs in:

A

the S phase of interphase in both somatic and reproductive cells

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16
Q

Which of the following events occurs during metaphase of mitosis?

A

The chromosomes align along the metaphase plate of the cell

17
Q

Cytokinesis refers to

A

division of the cytoplasm

18
Q

What events occur during anaphase?

A
  • The centrioles are at opposite poles
  • The centromeres divide
  • A spindle made of microtubules is present
  • Identical chromatids move to opposite poles
19
Q

Which of the following events occurs during prometaphase of mitosis?

A

The nuclear envelope fragments

20
Q

Which of the following phases of mitosis is essentially the opposite of prometaphase in terms of the nuclear envelope?

A

Telophase

21
Q

What events occur during interphase of the cell cycle?

A
  • Growth of the cell
  • Production of the endoplasmic reticulum
  • Protein production
  • Production of new mitochondria
  • Duplication of the chromosomes
22
Q

The spread of cancer cells to other locations in the body is known as:

A

Metastasis

23
Q

The function of the mitotic cell cycle is to produce daughter cell that…

A

are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming no mutation has occurred)

24
Q

Chromatids are:

A

identical copies of each other if they are part of the same chromosome

25
Q

How many chromatids does a human somatic cell contain after interphase and just prior to mitosis?

A

92

26
Q

Observation of cancer cells in culture support the hypothesis that cancer cells…

A

Do not exhibit density-dependent inhibition

27
Q

Which of the following events occurs during anaphase of mitosis?

A

The sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite sides of the cell.

28
Q

The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is property called:

A

Chromatin

29
Q

Which of the following statements describes a cell that undergoes mitosis but not cytokinesis?

A

The cell contains more than one nucleus

30
Q

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference(s) between mitosis and binary fission?

A

Binary fission involves the replication and division of a single chromosome, whereas mitosis involves the division of multiple, replicated chromosomes

31
Q

How many sister chromatids are present in the early telophase of mitosis?

A

Zero. By telophase, the duplicated sister chromatids have already been separated in anaphase (PMAT)

BIOK-101 (Dr.Marrs) Ch. 11-16 (2 decks)

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