Chapter 12: Schizophrenia Flashcards
Positive Symptoms Of Schizophrenia
Pathological excesses (bizarre additions),
Delusions,
Disorganized thinking and speech,
Heightened perceptions and hallucinations,
Inappropriate affect
Negative Symptoms Of Schizophrenia
Pathological deficits (lacking characteristics), Poverty of speech, Restricted affect, Loss of volition, Social withdrawal
Psychomotor Symptoms Of Schizophrenia
Awkward movements or repeated grimaces and odd gestures
Biological Explanation For Schizophrenia
Genetics,
Biochemical,
Abnormal Brain Structure,
Viral
Genetic Biological Explanation For Schizophrenia
Some people inherit a biological predisposition to schizophrenia and develop the disorder later when they face extreme stress, usually during adolescence or early adulthood,
Researchers studied relatives, twins, adopted schizophrenics and genetic linkage
Biochemical Biological Explanation For Schizophrenia
Certain neurons that use dopamine fire too often and transmit too many messages, thus producing the symptoms of the disorder
Abnormal Brain Structure Biological Explanation For Schizophrenia (8)
Many people have enlarged ventricles,
Causes more negative symptoms and fewer positive ones,
Smaller temporal and frontal lobes,
Smaller amounts of cortical gray matter,
Abnormal blood flow (reduced or heightened),
Abnormalities of the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus and more
Viral Biological Explanation For Schizophrenia
Possibly…
Viruses before birth,
Entering the fetus’ brain and interrupt proper brain development,
Viruses remain quiet until puberty or young adulthood, when activated by hormonal changes they help to bring about schizophrenic symptoms
Psychological Explanation For Schizophrenia
Psychodynamic,
Cognitive
Psychodynamic Psychological Explanation For Schizophrenia
2 Psychological processes (regression and reestablishing)
Cognitive Psychological Explanation For Schizophrenia
Attempting to understand their unusual experiences (hallucinations, unreal sensations),
Agrees with the biological view
Sociocultural Explanation For Schizophrenia
Multicultural,
Social Labeling,
Family Dysfunction
Multicultural Sociocultural Explanation For Schizophrenia
African Americans have higher likelihood of receiving schizophrenia diagnosis than whites and the reason why is unknown,
Hispanic Americans are also at a higher likelihood
Social Labeling Sociocultural Explanation For Schizophrenia
Features of disorder is influenced by the diagnosis itself
Family Dysfunction Sociocultural Explanation For Schizophrenia
Family stress,
High expressed emotion
Treatment For Schizophrenia
Antipsychotic Medication,
Psychotherapy,
Community Care
Antipsychotic Medication Treatment For Schizophrenia
Neurocleptic drugs,
Produce undesired movement effects similar to the symptoms of neurological diseases,
Reduce symptoms in 65% of patients
Psychotherapy Treatment For Schizophrenia
Cognitive-Behavior Therapy,
Social Therapy,
Family Therapy
Community Care Treatment For Schizophrenia (5)
Coordinated services, Short-term hospitalization, Partial hospitalization, Supervised residences, Occupational training and support
Delusions (Schizophrenia)
Positive symptom,
A strange false belief firmly held despite evidence to the contrary
Delusions Of Persecution (Schizophrenia)
Most common,
Believe they are being plotted or discriminated against, spied on, slandered, threatened, attacked, or deliberately victimized
Delusions Of Reference (Schizophrenia)
Attach special and personal meaning to the actions of others or to various objects or events
Delusions Of Grandeur (Schizophrenia)
Believe themselves to be great inventors, religious saviors, or other specially empowered persons
Delusions Of Control (Schizophrenia)
Believe their feelings, thoughts, and actions are being controlled by other people
Disorganized Thinking And Speech (Schizophrenia)
Positive symptom,
Not able to think logically and may speak in peculiar ways
Loose Associations (Schizophrenia)
Type of disorganized thinking and speech schizophrenia symptom,
Rapid shifts form one topic of conversation to another,
Derailment
Hallucinations (Schizophrenia)
Positive symptom,
Experiencing of sights, sounds, or other perceptions in the absence of external stimuli
Inappropriate Affect (Schizophrenia)
Positive symptom,
Display of emotions that are unsuited to the situation
Poverty Of Speech (Schizophrenia)
Negative symptom,
Reduction in speech or speech content,
Algoia
Restricted Affect (Schizophrenia)
Negative symptom,
Show less anger, sadness, joy, and other feelings than most people,
Some show almost no emotions at all
Loss Of Volition (Schizophrenia)
Negative symptom,
Feeling drained of energy and of interest in normal goals and unable to start or follow through on a course of action
Social Withdrawal (Schizophrenia)
Negative symptom,
Withdrawing of social environment and attend only to their own ideas and fantasies,
Distancing one from reality
Catatonia (Schizophrenia)
Psychomotor symptom,
Pattern of extreme psychomotor symptoms found in some forms of schizophrenia, which may include catatonic stupor, rigidity, or posturing
Catatonic Stupor (Schizophrenia)
Type of catatonia,
People stop responding to their environment, remaining motionless and silent for long stretches of time
Catatonic Rigidity (Schizophrenia)
People maintain a rigid, upright posture for hours and resist efforts to be moved
Catatonic Excitement (Schizophrenia)
People move excitedly, sometimes with wild waving of arms and legs
Regression And Reestablishing (Schizophrenia)
Psychodynamic Explanation,
Regress to the earliest point in their development in which they recognize and meet only their own needs,
Once regressed, they then try to reestablish ego control and contact with reality
Community Mental Health Center (Schizophrenia)
Type of coordinated services,
Treatment facility that provides medication, psychotherapy, and emergency care for psychological problems and coordinates treatment in the community
Aftercare (Schizophrenia)
Type of short-term hospitalization,
A program of post-hospitalization care and treatment in the community
Day Centers/Hospitals (Schizophrenia)
Type of partial-hospitalization,
A program that offers hospital-like treatment during the day only
Halfway Houses (Schizophrenia)
Type of supervised residences,
Residence for people with schizophrenia or other sever problems, often staffed by paraprofessionals
Sheltered Workshop (Schizophrenia)
Type of occupational training and support,
Supervised workplace for people who are not yet ready for competitive jobs
