Chapter 12 Review

Question 1

What is a bureaucracy?

Answer 1

A form of organization that operates through impersonal, uniform regulations and procedures.

Question 2

What are the 4 broad types of departments and agencies?

Answer 2

Departments
Independent Stand-Alone Agencies
Independent Regulatory Commissions
Government Corporations

Question 3

What is the spoils system?

Answer 3

A system of public employment based on rewarding party loyalists and friends.

Question 4

How did the spoils system awards jobs?

Answer 4

Party loyalists and friends.

Question 5

Why was the spoils system ultimately discontinued?

Answer 5

Abolished in 1883 by Congress in favor of the merit system.

Question 6

Regulations

Answer 6

Precise statements of how a law is implemented.

Question 7

Administrative Procedure Act

Answer 7

Requires all proposed regulations be published in the Federal Register.

Question 8

Department

Answer 8

Largest organization in government with the largest mission.

Highest rank in federal hierarchy.

Question 9

Discretion

Answer 9

Authority given by Congress to the federal bureaucracy to use reasonable judgement in implementing the laws.

Question 10

Implementation

Answer 10

Converting a policy into action through bureaucratic regulations of spending.

Question 11

Hatch Act

Answer 11

Federal statute barring federal employees from active participation in certain kinds of politics and protecting them from being fired on partisan grounds.