CHAPTER 12: PREVIEW QUESTIONS Flashcards
What is the membrane that covers the lungs called?
The membrane that covers the lungs is called the pleura.
What are the pharyngeal tonsils also known as?
The pharyngeal tonsils are also known as adenoids.
What is the function of the epiglottis?
The epiglottis prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing.
Into what two structures does the trachea divide?
The trachea divides into the left and right bronchi.
What are alveoli and why are they important?
Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
What is the technical term for the process of breathing?
The technical term for the process of breathing is respiration.
How does surfactant affect lung function?
Surfactant reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing collapse.
What is another term for the process of inhalation?
Another term for the process of inhalation is inspiration.
What is the scientific name for the throat?
The scientific name for the throat is the pharynx.
What muscle is located under the lungs and assists in breathing?
The diaphragm is the muscle located under the lungs that assists in breathing.
How is oxygen transported in the blood?
Oxygen is transported in the blood primarily bound to hemoglobin.
What does carbon dioxide form in the blood?
Carbon dioxide forms bicarbonate in the blood.
What is the mediastinum?
The mediastinum is the area between the lungs that contains the heart and other structures.
What condition does hypercapnia describe?
Hypercapnia describes an excess of carbon dioxide in the blood.
What does orthopnea mean in terms of breathing?
Orthopnea refers to difficulty breathing when lying flat.
