Chapter 12 - Pacemakers Flashcards
The pacemaker contains
Electronic circuitry that powers device
What does the Pacemaker device look like
Small metal box- 2 stacked silver dollars
Where is the pacemaker placed?
Implanted subcutaneously in clavicle region
Lifespan of Pacemaker
7-10 years
A pacemaker is composed of….
Pulse generator and leads
Leads are the connection between…
The heart muscle and generator
The pacemaker is inserted into…
The venous system and maneuvered to area of heart requiring stimulation
How many leads are in pacemaker ?
Usually one or two leads , sometimes 3
What do leads in pacemaker do?
Leads monitor heart rate and provide pacing impulses when needed
What is a pacemaker used for ?
Arrhythmias
Pacemakers are ALSO used for
Bradycardia leading to low cardiac output , and it monitors heart rate !!
Electromagnetic interference can have
A greater risk of malfunction
With a pacemaker there’s a small chance of
Infective endocarditis
The ends of pacemaker leads are called
Electrodes
Which one REDUCES the risk of interferences as both are in close proximity with each other? Bi polar or unipolar??
Bipolar reduces the risk
Possible etiologies of malfunction of a pacemaker or ICD
Cell phones and MRI
Malfunction in dental office with a Pacemaker / ICD is at ….
Minimal risk , the older ones are at higher risk , using a lead apron reduces the electromagnetic interference
Safe dental procedures include
Xrays , handpieces , curing lights , sonic and piezoelectric scaler
Unsafe dental produces
Older ferromagnetic ultrasonic scalers
Magnetostrictive ultrasonic scalers
And TENS
POSSIBLY unsafe dental procedures
Ultrasonic baths
Electro surgical units
Sonic toothbrushes
The sonic toothbrushes how many inches from battery charger ??
6 inches
How many inches should you keep sonic tooth brush from implanted device?
1 inch
What type of local anesthetics should be used with caution!?
Vasoconstrictors
Lightheadedness , dizziness , dyspnea , moist/pale skin , weakness , bradycardia or tachycardia , chest pain and swelling is ALL symptoms of what??
Pacemaker malfunction
Treatment of Pacemaker malfunction
Turn off the interference , assess level of consciousness
If they are still conscious after malfunction what should you do??
Monitor vital signs , take pulse rate , contact EMS
