Chapter 12: Human Rights Flashcards
Convention on the Rights of the Child
a human rights treaty laying out various kinds of rights of children
Cultural Relativism
the idea that an individual human’s beliefs and activities are understood by others in terms of their own culture
Customary Law
an idea in international law that the legal norms that have developed through international relations over time
First Generation Rights
negative, proscriptive rights that cannot be denied to certain groups like protection against discrimination
Second Generation Rights
positive socioeconomic, prescriptive rights that allow access to basic goods such as education and food
Third Generation Rights
group, solidarity, and collective rights allowing access to certain developments and environments such as control over resources and self-determination
Internally Displaced Persons and Refugees
people forced to either flee their homes but remain in the nation (IDP) or individuals who flee the country entirely as a member of a persecuted social demographic
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
a multilateral UN treaty adopted in 1966 and enforced 1976, committing to respect rights to life, religion, speech, assembly, electoral rights, due process and fair trial
International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights
a multilateral UN treaty adopted in 1966 and enforced in 1976, committing to respect the rights of labor, health, education, and adequate standards of living
Legal Positivism
a philosophy of law that emphasizes its conventional nature, and that laws are socially constructed aligned with positive norms
Natural Law
a philosophy of law that emphasizes its inherent and natural presence of rights and morality within humans, assigned by a higher power whether it be nature or a divine authority
Office of the UN High Commissioner on Human Rights
established by the UN in 1993, mandating and encouraging the enjoyment and realization of all people of all rights
R2P
a principle of Responsibility to Protect your own citizens as a nation from potential war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide and more
Prescriptive Rights
a right so old that it is now effective as a law
Proscriptive Rights
a societal obligation from people and government to provide basic needs and a certain quality of life for citizens
