Chapter 12: Hair, Skin, and Nails (Review)

Question 1

Select the best description of the secretion of the eccrine glands.

a. thick, milky
b. dilute saline solution
c. protective lipid substance
d. keratin

Answer 1

b. dilute saline solution (sweat)

Question 2

Nevus is the medical term for:

Answer 2

A mole

Question 3

To assess early jaundice, you will assess:

a. sclera and hard palate
b. nail beds
c. lips
d. all visible skin surfaces

Answer 3

a. sclera and hard palate

Question 4

Checking for skin temperature is best accomplished by using:

a. palmar surface of the hands
b. ventral surface of the hands
c. fingertips
d. dorsal surface of the hands

Answer 4

d. dorsal surface of the hands

Question 5

Skin turgor is assessed by picking up a large fold of skin on the anterior chest under the clavicle. This is done to determine the presence of:

a. edema
b. dehydration
c. vitiligo
d. scleroderma

Answer 5

b. dehydration

Question 6

You note a lesion during an examination. Select the description that is most complete

a. raised, irregular lesion the size of a quarter, located on dorsum of left hand
b. open lesion with no drainage or odor, approx. 1/4 inch in diameter
c. pedunculated lesion below left scapula with consistent red color, no drainage or odor
d. dark brown, raised lesion, with irregular border, on dorsum of right foot, 3 cm in size with no drainage

Answer 6

d. dark brown, raised lesion with irregular border, on dorsum of right foot, 3 cm in size with no drainage

Question 7

You examine nail beds for clubbing. The normal angle between the nail base and the nails is:

a. 60 degrees
b. 100 degrees
c. 160 degrees
d. 180 degrees

Answer 7

c. 160 degrees

Question 8

The capillary beds should refill after being depressed in:

a. 2 seconds
c. 1-2 seconds
d. time is not significant as long as color returns

Answer 8

c. 1-2 seconds

Question 9

During a routine visit, M.B., age 78, asks about small, round, flat, brown macules on the hands. Your best response after examining the area is:

a. “These are a result of sun exposure and do not require treatment.”
b. “These are related to exposure to the sun. They may become cancerous.”
c. “These are the skin tags that occur with aging. No treatment is required.”
d. “I’m glad you brought this to my attention. I will order a biopsy.”

Answer 9

a. “These are the result of sun exposure and do not require treatment.”

Question 10

An area of thin, shiny skin with decreased visibility of normal skin markings is called:

a. lichenification
b. plaque
c. atrophy
d. keloid

Answer 10

c. atrophy

Question 11

Flattening of the angle between the nail and its base is:

a. found in subacute bacterial endocarditis
b. a description of spoon-shaped nails
c. related to calcium deficiency
d. described as clubbing

Answer 11

d. described as clubbing

Question 12

The configuration for individual lesions arranged in circles or arcs, as occurs with ringworm, is called:

a. linear
b. clustered
c. annular
d. gyrate

Answer 12

c. annular

Question 13

The “A” in the ABCDE rule stands for:

a. accuracy
b. appearance
c. asymmetry
d. attenuated

Answer 13

c. asymmetry

Question 14

A risk factor for melanoma is:

a. brown eyes
b. darkly pigmented skin
c. skin that freckles or burns before tanning
d. use of sunscreen products

Answer 14

c. skin that freckles or burns before tanning

Question 15

Lyme disease is more prevalent:

a. from May through September
b. along the West Coast
c. in children younger than 3 years
d. in those participating in water sports

Answer 15

a. from May through September

Question 16

Herpes zoster (shingles):

a. caused by bacteria
b. lesion on only one side of body; does not cross midline
c. has absence of pain or edema
d. forms pustular, umbilicated lesions

Answer 16

b. lesion on only one side of body; does not cross midline

Question 17

Clubbing can be assessed by:

a. observing for transverse ridges in the nails
b. the presence of pits in the nails
c. noting a change in the angle of the nail base.
d. palpating a rigid nail base

Answer 17

c. noting a change in the angle of the nail base

Question 18

Milia occur because:

a. sebum occludes skin follicles
b. of a vascular occlusion in the skin
c. excess carotene is ingested
d. of a genetic variation in skin tone

Answer 18

a. sebum occludes skin follicles

Question 19

Epidermis, Dermis, or Subcutaneous Layer?

basal cell layer

Answer 19

epidermis

Question 20

Epidermis, Dermis, or Subcutaneous layer?

aids protecting by cushioning

Answer 20

subcutaneous layer

Question 21

Epidermis, Dermis, or Subcutaneous layer?

collagen

Answer 21

dermis

Question 22

Epidermis, Dermis, or Subcutaneous layer?

adipose tissue

Answer 22

subcutaneous layer

Question 23

Epidermis, Dermis, or Subcutaneous layer?

uniformly thin

Answer 23

epidermis

Question 24

Epidermis, Dermis, or Subcutaneous layer?

stratum corneum

Answer 24

epidermis

Question 25

Epidermis, Dermis, or Subcutaneous layer?

elastic tissue

Answer 25

dermis

Question 26

Tiny, punctuate red macules and papules on the cheeks, trunk, chest, back, and buttocks

Answer 26

erythema toxicum

Question 27

lower half of body turns red, upper half blanches

Answer 27

harlequin

Question 28

Transient mottling on trunk and extremities

Answer 28

Cutis marmorata

Question 29

Bluish color around the lips, hands, fingernails, feet, and toenails

Answer 29

Acrocyanosis

Question 30

Large round or oval patch of light brown usually present at birth

Answer 30

Cafe au lait

Question 31

Yellowing of skin, sclera, and mucous membranes due to increased numbers of red blood cells hemolyzed following birth

Answer 31

Physiologic jaundice

Question 32

Yellow-orange color in light-skinned persons from large amounts of foods containing carotene

Answer 32

Carotenemia