Chapter 12 - Basic Concepts in Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What is the suffix for an aldehyde?
-al
What is the suffix for a ketone?
-one
What are the suffixes for esters?
-yl -anoate
What is the functional group of an aldehyde?
—-C=O
I
H
What is the functional group of a ketone?
O
II
-C-
What is an aliphatic compound?
Straight, branched, or non-aromatic chains.
What is an aromatic compound?
Containing a benzene ring.
What is an alicyclic compound?
Rings that are not aromatic.
What is the purpose of curly arrows?
They show the movement of a pair of electrons in a mechanism.
What is bond fission?
The breaking of a covalent bond.
What is heterolytic fission?
When the covalent bond breaks but the electrons are distributed unequally to form 2 different ions (a cation and an anion). A curly arrow is used to show that both electrons move together.
What is homolytic fission?
When the covalent bond breaks with the pair of electrons in the bond being shared equally to form 2 uncharged radicals.
What are chain isomers?
Same molecular formula, but different arrangement of the carbon skeleton (e.g. branching)
What are position isomers?
Same molecular formula, but different position of the functional group on the carbon skeleton (e.g. pentan-1-ol and pentan-2-ol)
