Chapter 12 Flashcards
Oasis
Is a wet fertile area in a desert
Caravan
A group of traders that travel together.
Muhammad
He brought a new religion to Arabia
Islam
The messages Muhammad received form the basis of the religion called Islam.
Muslim
A follower of Islam.
Qur’an
The holy book of Islam
Pilgrimage
A journey to a sacred place.
Mosque
Or building for Muslim prayer,
Jihad
Which means “to make an effort or to struggle”
Sunnah
Refers to the way Muhammad lived, which provides a model for the duties and the way of life expected of Muslims.
Five Pillars of Islam
Which are five acts of worship required of all Muslims
Abu Bakr
One of Muhammad’s first converts, to be the next leader of the Islam
Caliph
A title that Muslims use for the highest leader of Islam.
Tolerance
Or acceptance.
Janissaries
Slave soldiers converted to Islam and became fierce warriors
Mehmed II
in 1453, Ottomans led by Mehmed II used huge cannons to conquer Constantinople
Suleyman I
The Ottoman Empire reached its height under Suleyman.
Shia
They were Muslims who taught that only Muhammad’s descendants could become caliphs.
Sunni
He didn’t think caliphs had to be related to Muhammad
Ibn Battutah
The explorer’s ibn Buttatah traveled to Africa, India, China and Spain in the 1320s.
Sufism
Others focused on spiritual issues leading to movement called Sufism
Omar Khayyam
One of the most famous Sufi poets was him
Patrons
Or sponsors
Minaret
Or narrow tower from where Muslims are called to prayer.
Calligraphy,
Or decorative writing.
