Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Oasis

A

Is a wet fertile area in a desert

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2
Q

Caravan

A

A group of traders that travel together.

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3
Q

Muhammad

A

He brought a new religion to Arabia

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4
Q

Islam

A

The messages Muhammad received form the basis of the religion called Islam.

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5
Q

Muslim

A

A follower of Islam.

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6
Q

Qur’an

A

The holy book of Islam

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7
Q

Pilgrimage

A

A journey to a sacred place.

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8
Q

Mosque

A

Or building for Muslim prayer,

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9
Q

Jihad

A

Which means “to make an effort or to struggle”

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10
Q

Sunnah

A

Refers to the way Muhammad lived, which provides a model for the duties and the way of life expected of Muslims.

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11
Q

Five Pillars of Islam

A

Which are five acts of worship required of all Muslims

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12
Q

Abu Bakr

A

One of Muhammad’s first converts, to be the next leader of the Islam

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13
Q

Caliph

A

A title that Muslims use for the highest leader of Islam.

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14
Q

Tolerance

A

Or acceptance.

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15
Q

Janissaries

A

Slave soldiers converted to Islam and became fierce warriors

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16
Q

Mehmed II

A

in 1453, Ottomans led by Mehmed II used huge cannons to conquer Constantinople

17
Q

Suleyman I

A

The Ottoman Empire reached its height under Suleyman.

18
Q

Shia

A

They were Muslims who taught that only Muhammad’s descendants could become caliphs.

19
Q

Sunni

A

He didn’t think caliphs had to be related to Muhammad

20
Q

Ibn Battutah

A

The explorer’s ibn Buttatah traveled to Africa, India, China and Spain in the 1320s.

21
Q

Sufism

A

Others focused on spiritual issues leading to movement called Sufism

22
Q

Omar Khayyam

A

One of the most famous Sufi poets was him

23
Q

Patrons

A

Or sponsors

24
Q

Minaret

A

Or narrow tower from where Muslims are called to prayer.

25
Q

Calligraphy,

A

Or decorative writing.