Chapter 12 - 17 (Foreign Affairs In The Young Nation - Mexicano Contributions To The Southwest) Flashcards
Andrew Jackson
An American general famous for his victory in the Battle of New Orleans and being the 7th president of the US
Barbary States
Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli ; know as pirates and thieves of American ships in the US
Impressment
The British captured American sailors and forced them to work and serve in the British navy
Battle of New Orleans
General Andrew Jackson and 7,000 militiamen defended New Orleans against 7,500 British troops ; one of the most important battle in the War of 1812 because they were fighting for the center of trade in the US
Monroe Doctorine
A policy stating that Europeans should not get involved in the colonization of the Americas
Era of Good Feelings
A nickname for the 8 years James Monroe was president of the US ; Americans greeted him warmly and they felt it was a “new period of national unity”
John Marshall
A Supreme our justice appointed by John Adams in 1801 ; made extremely important decisions in court and made major impacts on American history
John James Audubon
A naturalist and artist ; the first American artist to be internationally famous
Washington Irving
A writer famous for his “enchanted stories” ; one of the first well-known American writers
James Fenimore Cooper
A writer famous for his stories about people’s adventures in the wilderness who became known worldwide
The spoils system
The practice of rewarding political supporter with government jobs ; seen when Jackson replaced Republicans in his Cabinet with his Democratic friends and supporters
Tariff
A tax imposed by the government on goods imported from another country ; the main issue in the US in 1828
Nullification Crisis
John C Calhoun and South Carolinians proclaimed their right to nullify the tariffs (nullification), Jackson and Congress passed the Force Bill allowing the federal army to collect tariffs, South Carolina backed down but tensions grew
Secede
To withdraw from an organization or alliance ; South Carolina threatened to secede from the US during the nullification crisis
Bank of the United States
A bank with a monopoly of federal deposits, partially owned by the federal government ; another issue forced on Jackson
Trail of Tears
The name of the Native Americans’ journey west ; 17,000 Cherokee were forces from their homes and 4,000 died on the trip
Manifest Destiny
“Obvious fate” ; a time in America mostly in the 1830s and 1840s in which many Americans believed it was God’s plan for America to expand and take control of the whole continent
Louisiana Purchase
The exchange of the Louisiana Territory for $15 million between the US (Thomas Jefferson) and France (Napoleon Bonaparte) in 1803
Napoleon Bonaparte
A French ruler ; convinced Spain to return Louisiana to France ; sold Louisiana to America in the Louisiana Purchase
Corps of Discovery
The group of explorers including Lewis and Clark who searched for a northwest passage, discovered new species, made good relations with Native Americans
Sacagawea
A Native American woman famous for her inclusion and incredible help to Lewis and Clark and the Corps of Discovery
James Polk
The 11th president of the US ; famous for his participation in the Manifest Destiny (made a compromise with Britain for half of the Oregon Country, started the war with Mexico)
Oregon Territory
Disputed land between American and British claims ; divided in half at the 49th parallel in the compromise ratified in 1846
“Fifty-four or fight”
A slogan used in the 1844 presidential campaign ; reference to the 54th parallel between British and US claims ; meaning the US would annex all of the Oregon Territory
