Chapter 12 Flashcards
What is the lowest layer of the OSI model at which LANs and WANs support the same protocols?
Layer 3
An organization can lease a private _________________ that is not shared with other users, or a _________________ that can be physically configured over shared lines in the carrier’s cloud.
Dedicated line, virtual circuit
What kind of device can monitor a connection at the demarc but cannot interpret data?
Smart Jack
How many channels are in an ISDN PRI connection?
23B+D
What specifications define the standards for cable broadband?
DOCS (Data Over Cable Service)
_____________ in SONET are analogous to the ________________ of T-carriers
OC Levels, digital signal levels
Which DSL standard has the fastest speeds immediately outside the CO?
VDSL (Very high-speed digital subscriber line)
What method does a GSM network use to separate data on a channel?
TDMA (Time-division multiple access)
Where does an MPLS label go in a PDU? (Layers)
Between layers 2 and 3
What are two types of virtual circuits?
PVC (permanent virtual circuit) and SVC (switched virtual circuit)
What are two examples of Layer 2 LAN or PAN standards that also function at Layer 1?
Bluetooth and NFC
What information is typically included in a Layer 1 frame?
The Layer 2 Payload
Which ISDN channel carries signaling information?
D channel
What two types of modulation does DSL use to carry data?
Aplitude and Phase Modulation
What device must be installed on a DSL network to separate incoming voice and data signals?
Splitter
What type of network combines fiber with coax?
Hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) is a telecommunications industry term for a broadband network that combines optical fiber and coaxial cable.
What is the maximum capacity of a T1 line?
1.5 mbps
Which protocol can provide VoIP services over a Metro Ethernet connection?
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)
In an ISDN connection, what amount of throughput did a single B channel provide?
64 kbps
Of all the DSL standards, which is the most commonly in use today?
ADSL (Asymmetric digital subscriber line)
Cable modems only operate at the Physical layer of the OSI model. T or F
F
The T-carrier standards, also called T-CXR standards, utilize what type of multiplexing over two wire pairs to create multiple channels?
time division multiplexing (TDM)
In a public switched telephone network, what portion of the network is known as the local loop?
It is the portion that connects any residence or business to the nearest central office.
Which SONET OC level is a popular choice for large businesses, and is equivalent to 100 T1s?
OC-3
