Chapter 11A

Question 1

Master controlling and communicating system of the body; communicate via chemical and electrical signals; rapid and specific; usually causes almost immediate response

Answer 1

The Nervous System

Question 2

Functions of the Nervous System

Answer 2

Sensory Input, Integration, and Motor Output

Question 3

Information gathered by sensory receptors, about internal and external changes

Answer 3

Sensory Input

Question 4

Processing and interpretation of sensory input

Answer 4

Integration

Question 5

Activation of Effector Organs produces a response

Answer 5

Motor Output

Question 6

Muscles and glands that produce a response

Answer 6

Effector Organs

Question 7

Brain and Spinal cord of dorsal body cavity; Integration and control center; Interprets sensory input and dictates motor output.

Answer 7

CNS (Central Nervous System)

Question 8

Portion of nervous system outside of the CNS; Consists of nerves that extend from brain and spinal cord.

Answer 8

PNS (Peripheral Nervous System)

Question 9

To and From spinal cord

Answer 9

Spinal Nerves

Question 10

To and from brain

Answer 10

Cranial Nerves

Question 11

The 2 functional divisions of the PNS.

Answer 11

Sensory Division and Motor Division

Question 12

Consists of somatic and visceral sensory fibers

Answer 12

Sensory (Afferent) Division

Question 13

Transmits impulses from CNS to effector organs (Somatic and Autonomic Nervous system)

Answer 13

Motor (Efferent) Division

Question 14

Somatic motor nerve fibers; Conducts impulses from CNS to skeletal muscle; voluntary nervous system; conscious control of skeletal muscles

Answer 14

Somatic Nervous System

Question 15

Visceral motor nerve fibers; Regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands; Involuntary Nervous System (Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System)

Answer 15

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 16

Mobilizes body systems during activity (fight or flight)

Answer 16

Sympathetic

Question 17

Conserves Energy; Promotes housekeeping functions during rest

Answer 17

Parasympathetic

Question 18

Small cells that surround and wrap delicate neurons

Answer 18

Neuroglia

Question 19

Excitable cells that transmit electrical signals

Answer 19

Neurons (nerve cells)

Question 20

Central Nervous System Cells and Tissue

Answer 20

Astrocytes; Microglial Cells; Ependymal Cells; Oligodendrocytes

Question 21

Peripheral Nervous System Cells and Tissue

Answer 21

Satellite cells; Schwann cells

Question 22

Most abundant, versatile, and highly branched glial cells; cling to neurons, synaptic ending, and capillaries; Support and brace neurons; play role in exchanges between capillaries and neurons

Answer 22

Astrocytes

Question 23

Can transform to phagocytize microorganisms and neuronal debris. Defensive cells in the CNS

Answer 23

Microglial Cells

Question 24

Range in shape from squamous to columnar; may be ciliated; cilia beat to circulate CSF; form permeable barrier between CSF in cavities and tissue fluid bathing CNS cells; Line the central cavities of the brain and spinal column.

Answer 24

Ependymal Cells

Question 25

Branches cells; Processes wrap CNS nerve fibers; forming insulating myelin sheaths thicker nerve fibers

Answer 25

Oligodendrocytes

Question 26

Surround neuron cell bodies in PNS; function similar to astrocytes of CNS

Answer 26

Satellite Cells

Question 27

Surround all peripheral nerve fibers and form myelin sheaths in thicker nerve fibers; similar functions as oligodendrocytes; Vital to regeneration of damaged peripheral nerve fibers.

Answer 27

Schwann Cells (Neurolemmocytes)

Question 28

Structural units of nervous system; 100 years of more; Large, highly specialized cells that conduct impulses; Amiotic; High Metabolic Rate; continuous supply oxygen and glucose; Have cell body and one or more processes

Answer 28

Neurons

Question 29

Conveys nerve impulses from the skin, skeletal muscles and joints to CNS

Answer 29

Somatic Sensory Fibers

Question 30

Convey impulses from visceral organs to CNS

Answer 30

Visceral Sensory Fibers