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Medical Terminology > Chapter 11 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Vocabulary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Apex of the heart

A

Lower tip of the heart

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2
Q

Atrioventricular bundle

A

Specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them

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3
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery in the body

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4
Q

Artery

A

Largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body

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5
Q

Atrium

A

One of two upper chambers of the heart

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6
Q

Arteriole

A

Small artery

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7
Q

Capillary

A

Smallest blood vessel. Materials pass to and from the bloodstream through the thin capillary walls

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8
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Gas (waste) released by blood cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation

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9
Q

Coronary arterties

A

blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

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10
Q

Diastole

A

relaxation phase of the heartbeat

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11
Q

Endocardium

A

inner lining of the heart

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12
Q

Endothelium

A

innermost lining of blood vessels

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13
Q

Mitral Valve

A

valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve

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14
Q

Murmur

A

abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves

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15
Q

Myocardium

A

Muscular, middle layer of the heart

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16
Q

Normal sinus rhythm

A

Heart rhythm originating in the sinoartrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60 to 100 beats per minute

17
Q

Pacemaker (sinoatrial node)

A

specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat. An artificial cardiac pacemaker is an electronic apparatus implanted in the best to stimulate heart muscle that is weak and not functioning

18
Q

Pericardium

A

Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart

19
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

artery carrying oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs

20
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

21
Q

Pulmonary valve

A

valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

22
Q

Pulse

A

beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries

23
Q

Septum

A

Partition or wall dividing a cavity; such as between the right and left artia (interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles (interventricular septum)

24
Q

Sinoatrial node (SA node)

A

pacemaker of the heart

25
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

Instrument to measure blood pressure

26
Q

Systemic Circulation

A

Flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues

27
Q

Systole

A

contraction phase of the heartbeat

28
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

Located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three leaflets or cusps

29
Q

Valve

A

structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction

30
Q

Vein

A

Thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart. veins contain valves to prevent back flow of blood

31
Q

Vena Cava

A

Largest vein in the body. The superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart

32
Q

ventricle

A

one of two lower chambers of the heart

33
Q

venule

A

small vein

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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