Chapter 11 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

English peasant’s revolt

Middle Ages

A

After the Black Death, taxes fell heavily on English peasants, and they revolted. They won short-termed demands, but didn’t help in the long run.

Happened after the Black Death.

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2
Q

Vernacular Language

Middle Ages

A

Local language people spoke instead of Latin.
2 European literary masterpieces were writing w/ the use of rhythms and rhymes of vernacular.
Helped increase the literacy rate of lay people.

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3
Q

Henry V of England

Middle Ages

A

Had successful raids/sieges over France. King Charles VI sued for peace, and Henry V was in control of France until the time Charles VI died.

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4
Q

Western/Great Schism

Middle Ages

A

The division or split in the church leadership from 1387-1417.
Europe became divided when the two popes were elected.
Clemet VII (French) & Urban VI (Italian)
Damaged Christian Faith
Related to Conciliarism

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5
Q

Conciliarism

Middle Ages

A

The belief that the authority of the church should rest in a general council, rather than the pope.
Held supreme authority in church and spiritual matters.
Relates to the Great Schism

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6
Q

Black Death

Middle Ages

A

Plague that struck Europe that killed about 1/3 of the population.
Inspired art and lit.
Before the English peasant’s revolt

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7
Q

Avignon Papacy

Middle Ages

A

The period when the 7 successive popes resides in Avignon instead of Rome.
Created conflict between the French crown and the papacy

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8
Q

City-State

Middle Ages

A

A region that is independently ruled by a major city.
Ex: Florence, Milan, Venice, Naples, and Rome
Helped shape the beginning of the Renaissance, with Florence’s large trade center.

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9
Q

Hundred years’ war

Middle Ages

A

A war between England and France from 1337-1453 w/ political & economic causes & consequences.
Stimulated the growth of the English Parliament, but also caused a deep hatred for one another.
Connected with Joan of Arc

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10
Q

Geoffrey Chaucer

Middle Ages

A

Widely considered the greatest English poet during his time
Helped establish an English port in Genoa.
Decided to write in English rather than France, since French was the language spoken by those in power.

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11
Q

English Parliament

Middle Ages

A

Creates in the 1300s and is a gathering summoned by the king to deal w/ state and law.
Exploited its people after 100 years’ war.

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12
Q

Holy Roman Empire

Middle Ages

A

HRE was a multicultural ethnic complex of territories in western and Central Europe.
Governed their territories and protected the Catholic Church

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13
Q

Joan of Arc

Middle Ages

A

A peasant French girl who’s military leadership caused the French to win the 100 years’ war.
During the hundred years’ war

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14
Q

Dante Alighieri

Middle Ages

A

Best known for his epic poem, La Commedia, which was a landmark in Italian literature and marked the end of the Middle Ages

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15
Q

Condttieri

Middle Ages

A

A band of mercenaries who put themselves in the service of a city or a lord. Fought in numerous Italian wars

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16
Q

Gabelle

Middle Ages

A

Denoted any tax on the sale of consumer goods. Later began to specifically mean the tax on salt, high class got exempted from it. The high rate and unequal distribution provoked a contraband of salt smugglers.

17
Q

Golden Bull

Middle Ages

A

Intended to eliminate the use papal interference in German politics and to recognize the importance of princes; it was called the golden bull