Chapter 11 Vocab

Question 1

English peasant’s revolt

Middle Ages

Answer 1

After the Black Death, taxes fell heavily on English peasants, and they revolted. They won short-termed demands, but didn’t help in the long run.

Happened after the Black Death.

Question 2

Vernacular Language

Middle Ages

Answer 2

Local language people spoke instead of Latin.
2 European literary masterpieces were writing w/ the use of rhythms and rhymes of vernacular.
Helped increase the literacy rate of lay people.

Question 3

Henry V of England

Middle Ages

Answer 3

Had successful raids/sieges over France. King Charles VI sued for peace, and Henry V was in control of France until the time Charles VI died.

Question 4

Western/Great Schism

Middle Ages

Answer 4

The division or split in the church leadership from 1387-1417.
Europe became divided when the two popes were elected.
Clemet VII (French) & Urban VI (Italian)
Damaged Christian Faith
Related to Conciliarism

Question 5

Conciliarism

Middle Ages

Answer 5

The belief that the authority of the church should rest in a general council, rather than the pope.
Held supreme authority in church and spiritual matters.
Relates to the Great Schism

Question 6

Black Death

Middle Ages

Answer 6

Plague that struck Europe that killed about 1/3 of the population.
Inspired art and lit.
Before the English peasant’s revolt

Question 7

Avignon Papacy

Middle Ages

Answer 7

The period when the 7 successive popes resides in Avignon instead of Rome.
Created conflict between the French crown and the papacy

Question 8

City-State

Middle Ages

Answer 8

A region that is independently ruled by a major city.
Ex: Florence, Milan, Venice, Naples, and Rome
Helped shape the beginning of the Renaissance, with Florence’s large trade center.

Question 9

Hundred years’ war

Middle Ages

Answer 9

A war between England and France from 1337-1453 w/ political & economic causes & consequences.
Stimulated the growth of the English Parliament, but also caused a deep hatred for one another.
Connected with Joan of Arc

Question 10

Geoffrey Chaucer

Middle Ages

Answer 10

Widely considered the greatest English poet during his time
Helped establish an English port in Genoa.
Decided to write in English rather than France, since French was the language spoken by those in power.

Question 11

English Parliament

Middle Ages

Answer 11

Creates in the 1300s and is a gathering summoned by the king to deal w/ state and law.
Exploited its people after 100 years’ war.

Question 12

Holy Roman Empire

Middle Ages

Answer 12

HRE was a multicultural ethnic complex of territories in western and Central Europe.
Governed their territories and protected the Catholic Church

Question 13

Joan of Arc

Middle Ages

Answer 13

A peasant French girl who’s military leadership caused the French to win the 100 years’ war.
During the hundred years’ war

Question 14

Dante Alighieri

Middle Ages

Answer 14

Best known for his epic poem, La Commedia, which was a landmark in Italian literature and marked the end of the Middle Ages

Question 15

Condttieri

Middle Ages

Answer 15

A band of mercenaries who put themselves in the service of a city or a lord. Fought in numerous Italian wars

Question 16

Gabelle

Middle Ages

Answer 16

Denoted any tax on the sale of consumer goods. Later began to specifically mean the tax on salt, high class got exempted from it. The high rate and unequal distribution provoked a contraband of salt smugglers.

Question 17

Golden Bull

Middle Ages

Answer 17

Intended to eliminate the use papal interference in German politics and to recognize the importance of princes; it was called the golden bull