chapter 11 test

Question 1

what is the cabinet made up of

Answer 1

the vice president, the secretaries of the executive departments, and other top government officials

Question 2

what does a president consider when electing a candidate for cabinet

Answer 2

-experience in the particular policy states
-general administrative
-supervisory experience

Question 3

what do presidents typically do when forming a cabinet

Answer 3

-build with demographic diversity
-reserve positions for loyal supporters
-satisfy powerful groups

Question 4

why are appointments not automatic

Answer 4

the Constitution gives Senate the power to accept or decline a presidents choices for cabinet secretary

Question 5

what happened with the Supreme court in 1926

Answer 5

Sc clarified the right of president to fine a cabinet member or any other executive employee without congressional approval

Question 6

what does the Cabinet depend on

Answer 6

-a cabinet meets when called by the president
-its roles in decisions making depends entirely on the wishes of the president

Question 7

how are the loyalties of cabinet secretaries divided

Answer 7

-among the president who appointed them
-the long-term officials in their own department
-members of congress
- special interest groups

Question 8

describe the Reorganization Act of 1939

Answer 8

created the Executive Office of the President to assist the president following the dramatic growth of the government

Question 9

describe the Office of Management and Budgey (OMB)

Answer 9

prepares the national budget for the president to present to congress

Question 10

describe the National Security Council (NSC)

Answer 10

directed by the National Security advisers, advises the president and coordinates American military and foreign policy

Question 11

describe the Council of Economic advisers

Answer 11

asses the nations economic health and tried to predict future economic conditions

Question 12

describe the White House Office

Answer 12

a unit of EOP, a set of key advisers and assistants for the president who do not require Senste confirmation to their posts

Question 13

describe the White House Chief of Staff and the Press Secretary

Answer 13

-oversees the work and operations of the White House and the EOP
-handled press relations

Question 14

how do presidents claim the right of executive privilege

Answer 14

by refusing to provide documents or other records to the legislative and judicial branches

Question 15

what does the 15 executive branch departments in the Cabinet do

Answer 15

advise the president in matters related to the specific department that each runs

Question 16

describe the Department of State

Answer 16

responsible for developing and implementing the foreign policy of the United States through its world network of ambassadors, embassies, and consulates

Question 17

describe the Department of Treasury

Answer 17

manages the monetary resources of the country, including the U.S. Mint, the Bureau of Engravinf and Printing, and the Internal revenue service.

Question 18

describe the Department of Interior and the Department of Agriculture

Answer 18

-executes federal policy to protect natural resources
-develops and executes policy on farming, agriculture, and food

Question 19

describe the Department of Justice

Answer 19

enforces federal laws and includes the Drug Enforcement administration, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the U.S. Marshals

Question 20

describe the Department of Labor and Department of Transportation

Answer 20

-administers federal programs to protect and improve the productivity of workers
-develops policy relating to transportation

Question 21

describe the Department of Commerce

Answer 21

develops and executes policies to promote American businesses and industries

Question 22

describe the Department of Defense

Answer 22

protects the security of our country and includes the various branches of the armed forces and many defense agencies

Question 23

describe the Department of Health and Human Services, and the Department of Housing and Urban Development

Answer 23

-protects public health and provides social services
-responsible for programs related to housing needs

Question 24

describe the Department of Energy, and the Department of Education

Answer 24

-executives policies about the nations energy
-provides assistance to schools

Question 25

describe the Department of Veteran Affairs, and the Department of Homeland Security

Answer 25

• administers benefit programs for veterans and their families and survivors
  -coordinates national efforts to protect against, respond to, and recover from acts of terrorism

Question 26

what are independent agencies of the federal bureaucracy

Answer 26

examples such as NASA and the CIA

Question 27

how are corporations ran by the government function like

Answer 27

much like private businesses but funding comes from Congress rather than private investors

Question 28

describe regulatory commissions

Answer 28

agencies with government authority to issue licenses and punish people and groups that violate the laws under their authority, but are independent of all 3 branches

Question 29

define spoils system

Answer 29

refers to winning politicians rewarding their supporters with government jobs

Question 30

what are the origins of the spoil system

Answer 30

early presidents employed federal workers who shared their political views. The wholesale appointment of political supports by Andrew Jackson was defended by a New York Senator by saying that the winner got to have the spoils

Question 31

what inefficieny resulted from the spoils system

Answer 31

most federal workers had no skills required for their jobs, only skills involving work in election campaigns to gain victory for their candidates

Question 32

what corruption resulted from the spoils system

Answer 32

people used their position for personal gain:
-doing special favors for special-interest groups to buy support
-selling positions
-making large profits form government contracts
-the Bureaucrats gave contracts to friends instead of the lowest bid

Question 33

which events lead to the present federal civil service system

Answer 33

Arthur, a successor of Garfield, and the general public pushed for reforms after the assassination of Garfield. This consisted of Guiteau shooting Garfield for not noticing his request for a job in the diplomatic service.

Question 34

define the Pendleton Act

Answer 34

passed by Congress, reducing the power of political parties and the president by putting most responsibility in carrying and enforcing laws in the hands of the people; with no close political ties to the government or department secretaries

Question 35

describe the Office of Personnel Management

Answer 35

handles recruitment, pay, retirement policy, and exams for federal workers.

Along with individual agencies, it is responsible for filling federal jobs. Most secretarial and clerical jobs require a written examination

Question 36

describe the Whistleblower Protection Act

Answer 36

passed by Congress to increase legal and First Amendment protections for employees who report corruption or wrongdoing by the government. This was to prevent whistleblower from losing their jobs and being moved to lower level jobs

Question 37

describe the Hatch Act

Answer 37

passed by Congress to prevent federal workers from participating in election campaigns as it was concerned to be unethical.

Opponents: “takes away freedom of speech and political participation by those well informed.”

Supporters: “It’s needed to keep the civil service politically neutral and protects workers from pressure by bosses. Also prevents employees from using their positions to punish or influence.”

Question 38

what must be required by political appointees

Answer 38

-must pledge to decline gifts from lobbying and to have no involvement in current issues of clients or peers
-required to submit a public report of all income each year, including money earned from investments and no extra money can be earned outside their job.

Question 39

what are the causes and results of political appointees having short jobs

Answer 39

-can only keep the job if the president who appointed them is serving their term
-much of the real power over daily operations stays with the career civil service officials.
-the decisions made shape national policy on important issues but are rarely promoted to the public.

Question 40

define the bureaucracy

Answer 40

the entire group of agencies and departments that implement laws and make related policy

Question 41

how do federal agencies help make policy

Answer 41

by writing rules and regulations and setting standards to carry out each law

Question 42

who are liaison officers

Answer 42

-they keep track of bills
-supply info to lawmakers to assist in development of bills
-build relationships with elected officials and congressional staff members who have authority over the work of their departments

Question 43

who are stakeholders

Answer 43

private citizens and those affected by the rules and regulations, who give input along with special interests groups to bureaucrats

Question 44

describe a injunction

Answer 44

issued by a federal court when citizens or interest groups are not satisfied with a rule or regulation, allowing federal courts to affect policy making.

Question 45

when can Congress pass laws regarding agencies

Answer 45

-to alter rules and regulations of a federal agency
-to hold the agent more responsible for what they do
-to alter amount of funds for an agency

Question 46

what are factors that have driven the growth of the federal bureaucracy

Answer 46

-population growth
-industrial and technological advances
-a growing global economy
-threats to national security
-economic crises such as the Great Depression

Question 47

what are efforts to reduce the size of bureaucracy

Answer 47

-reducing the number of government employees
-cutting or freezing employee pay
-requiring a furlough, or unpaid off days

Question 48

define client groups

Answer 48

individuals and groups who work with an agency and are most affected by it’s decisions

Question 49

define a iron triangle

Answer 49

when congressional committees, client groups, and a federal department or agency cooperate closely to make public policy

Question 50

what are the problems with deregulation

Answer 50

business leaders and conservatives calling on government to remove regulations from businesses can remove protections from workers, consumers, and the environment

Question 51

define red tape

Answer 51

used forever to difficult regulations and requirements and complicated processes that make it hard to get anything done