Chapter 11 Substance Abuse Flashcards
Where should we focus our efforts on smoking prevention?
Adolescents
What organ is greatly affected by alcohol use?
Liver
What are the priority treatment/nursing actions for a patient with alcohol intoxication, especially one who is dependent on alcohol?
Administer IV thiamine, then glucose, watch for hypoglycemia, low magnesium levels, stay w/the patient, orient to reality, expect agitation and anxiety, risk for injury, continue assessment and intervention until BAC is 0.10
What medications should be given and in what
order for Alcohol Intoxication?
Give Thiamine and THEN Glucose through IV
What are some signs that a patient has a dependence on alcohol?
May develop alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Experience anxiety, increased HR/BP, sweating, and nausea.
Major symptoms are visual/ auditory hallucinations, tremors, seizures, delirium.
What is the treatment/nursing care for benzodiazepine withdrawal?
Close observation, Valium to start taper, Flumazinol
What are symptoms of withdrawal for nicotine?
Few physical symptoms, but will have intense headache, cravings, may become depressed.
What are the symptoms and complications of stimulant overdose? How do you treat it?
High HR, cravings, chest pain, agitation, fever, pupil dilation, restlessness, paranoia, agitated delirium, confusion, repetitive behaviors, seizures, combative.
No antidote for cocaine or amphetamines.
What are the symptoms of withdrawal for opioids? How do you treat it?
Sweating, diarrhea, watery eyes, n/v, abdominal cramps. Tx- tx symptoms, may need meds- Naloxone/Narcan
What are the symptoms of opioid overdose? How do you treat it?
Death in respiratory depression/arrest, n/v, slurred speech, confusion, drowsiness, low HR, low BP, low RR. Tx- priority is ABC’s, continuous monitoring, ensure patent airway, IV access, 12-lead ECG, drug levels, give antidotes (narcan for opioids), gastric lavage, activated charcoal. Patient should not be released until seen by psychiatric professional
