Chapter 1.1 - Stoichiometric relationships- Introduction to the particulate nature of matter and chemical change Flashcards
What are the characteristics of matter?
- Made up of particles (atoms, molecules, ions)
- Particles are in a constant motion
- Occupies a volume in space
- Has a mass
What is dependent on temperature?
The vibration and movement of particles
What is the relationship between temperature and Kinetic energy?
As temperature increases the kinetic energy also increases
What is the Sl Unit for temperature?
K - Kelvin
How do you convert from °C to K
Temperature (K) = Temperature (°C) + 273.15
What happens during changes of state when the temperature is increasing?
The kinetic energy in the particles increases causing a change of state.
What type of reaction are melting and boiling?
Endothermic reactions as energy is being transferred from the environment
What happens during changes of state when temperature is decreasing?
The kinetic energy of the particles decreases causing a reversal of state
What type of reaction is freezing and condensing
Exothermic reactions as energy is being transferred to the environment
Why is there no change in temperature while melting, boiling, freezing and condensing?
This is because the energy is being used to overcome and create attractive forces so the change in state can occur
solid - gas
sublimation
gas - solid
deposition
What is the atom economy?
A measure of the amount of starting materials that become useful products
What does a high atom economy show?
less waste is created and the reaction has a high efficiency
Formula for atom economy?
(Molecular mass of useful products/ Molecular mass of atoms in reactants) x 100
