Chapter 11 - Social Psychology

Question 1

What is Social Psychology?

Answer 1

The presence of other people influences the bx of individuals, groups, etc.

Question 2

Complete this statement:
Social psychologists believe that an…

Answer 2

Individual’s thoughts, feelings, and bxs are influenced by social situations.

Question 3

Emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition is __ __

Answer 3

IntRApersonal topics

Question 4

The view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings –

Answer 4

Situationism

Question 5

Situationism is used by __ __

Answer 5

Social Psychologists

Question 6

Viewed that our behavior is determined by internal factors (attributes of a persons personality traits and temperament) –

Answer 6

Dispositionism

Question 7

Dispositonism is used by __ __ and favored in __

Answer 7

Personality psychologists : the U.S.

Question 8

What is Fundamental attribution error?

Answer 8

Tendency to overemphasize internal factors as explanations/attributions for the behavior of others.
Underestimate the power of the situation.

Question 9

People tend to fail to recognize when a person’s behavior is due to __ __.

Answer 9

Situational variables

Question 10

What is Actor-observer bias?

Answer 10

A phenomenon of explaining other peoples behaviors, due to internal factors

Question 11

Our own behaviors are due to __ __.

Answer 11

Situational forces

Question 12

Tendency of an individual to take credit by making dispositional or internal attributions for positive outcomes is - __

Answer 12

Self-Serving Bias

Question 13

Definition of : Attribution

Answer 13

A belief about the cause of a result
- When our team wins we make attributions such as it’s talented, works hard, and uses effective strategies.

Question 14

Internal vs External

Answer 14

Locus of control

Question 15

__ is the extent to which the circumstances are changeable.

Answer 15

Stability

Question 16

__ : extent to which the circumstances are changeable.

Answer 16

Controllability

Question 17

Belief that people get the outcomes they deserve is called - __

Answer 17

Just-world Hypothesis
- People who hold this POV tend to blame people in poverty for their circumstances, ignoring situational and cultural causes of poverty.

Question 18

__ __ : a pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group.

Answer 18

Social role
- Ex: being a student

Question 19

A social norm is?

Answer 19

A group’s expectation of what is appropriate and acceptable behavior for its members.

Question 20

A person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting is __

Answer 20

Script
-Vary between cultures

Question 21

Attitude is …

Answer 21

our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object.
-Can be a negative or positive

Question 22

Affective component is __

Answer 22

feelings

Question 23

A behavioral component is the effect on the __ on __

Answer 23

Attitude : Behavior

Question 24

Cognitive component is __ and __.

Answer 24

belief and knowledge

Question 25

Who had a theory on cognitive dissonance?

Answer 25

Leon Festinger

Question 26

What is cognitive dissonance?

Answer 26

Psychological discomfort arising from holding 2 or more inconsistent behaviors. -- believing smoking is bad for you, but smoking anyway.

Question 27

What is 1 of 3 ways to reduce cognitive dissonance?

Answer 27

- Change their behavior - Change their belief through rationalization or denial - Add a new cognition

Question 28

What are the 3 conditions used in the Aronson and Mills Experiment in 1959? (College students volunteered to join a group that would regularly discuss the psychology of sex)

Answer 28

No initiation, easy initiation, and difficult initiation.

Question 29

What is persuasion? (How are people convinced to change their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors?)

Answer 29

The process of changing our attitudes toward something based on some kind of communication.

Question 30

What is the foot-in-the-door technique?

Answer 30

Persuader gets a person to agree to a small favor, only to later request a larger favor.

Question 31

__ is the change in a person's behavior to go along with the group, even if they do not agree.

Answer 31

Conformity

Question 32

__ effect is the influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment.

Answer 32

Asch effect

Question 33

__ social influence : people conform to the group norm to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by the group.

Answer 33

Normative

Question 34

__ social influence : people conform because they believe the group is competent and has the correct information, particularly when the task or situation is ambiguous.

Answer 34

Informational

Question 35

What is obedience?

Answer 35

Change of an individual's behavior to comply with a demand by an authority figure.

Question 36

When does social facilitation occur?

Answer 36

When an individual performs better for an audience than when performing alone.

Question 37

Social Loafing is ...

Answer 37

the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group.

Question 38

Prejudice : ("i hate Yankees fans, they make me angry")

Answer 38

negative attitude/feeling toward an individual based on one's membership in a particular social group

Question 39

Stereotype : ("Yankees fans are arrogant and obnoxious")

Answer 39

Specific belief/assumption based on their membership in a group

Question 40

Discrimination : ("I would never be friends with a person knowing they're a Yankees fan")

Answer 40

Discrimination

Question 41

Discrimination and prejudice against an individual based on their race is __

Answer 41

Racism

Question 42

Prejudice and discrimination toward individuals based solely on their age is __

Answer 42

Ageism

Question 43

Prejudice and discrimination of individuals based solely on their sexual orientation is __

Answer 43

Homophobia

Question 44

What is a group that we identify with or see ourselves belonging to?

Answer 44

In-groups

Question 45

What is a group that we view as fundamentally different from us?

Answer 45

Out-groups

Question 46

_-_ __ : prejudice and discrimination because the out-group is perceived as different and is less preferred than our in-group.

Answer 46

In-group bias

Question 47

Scapegoating is the act of blaming an _-_ when the _-_ experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal.

Answer 47

out-group : in-group

Question 48

__ is seeking to cause harm or pain to another person. __ __ is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain.

Answer 48

Aggression : Hostile Aggression

Question 49

Repeated negative treatment of another person over time is called __

Answer 49

Bullying

Question 50

When bullying girls tend to...

Answer 50

engage in social forms of aggression -ex: spreading rumors, social isolation, or ignoring

Question 51

When bullying boys tend to...

Answer 51

engage in direct physical aggression

Question 52

__ __ : Phenomenon in which a witness/bystander does not volunteer to help a victim or person in distress.

Answer 52

Bystander Effect

Question 53

__ behavior : voluntary behavior with the intent to help other people

Answer 53

Prosocial behavior

Question 54

What is Empathy?

Answer 54

Ability to understand another person's perspective, to feel what he/she feels.

Question 55

__ : people with whom you have the most contact.

Answer 55

Proximity

Question 56

__ : people who are similar to us in background, attitudes, and lifestyle.

Answer 56

Similarity

Question 57

__ : sharing details and intimate thought and emotions

Answer 57

Intimacy

Question 58

What 3 components can describe the 7 types of love?

Answer 58

Intimacy, passion, and commitment

Question 59

Passion is...

Answer 59

Physical attraction

Question 60

__ : standing by the person

Answer 60

Commitment